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# When Every Month Matters: Why Women Need More Control Over Their Fertility Health

> *"I wasn't looking for miracles. I was looking for answers."*

For many women in their early 40s, fertility doesn't become real when they're trying to conceive—it becomes real when a blood test reveals something they never expected: a low ovarian reserve.

Suddenly, time feels different.

Every month carries more weight. Every appointment matters. Every delay feels like another opportunity slipping away.

Yet for many women, navigating fertility isn't simply a medical journey. It's an obstacle course.

## The Hidden Race Against Time

Unlike many aspects of our health, fertility is deeply connected to time.

A woman's fertility naturally declines with age, gradually at first, then more steeply from the late 30s onwards. By age 40, the chance of conceiving naturally in any given cycle is roughly half what it was in the late 20s and early 30s—the years of peak fertility.

Ovarian reserve—the number of eggs remaining—also declines naturally. While tests such as Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) cannot predict whether someone will conceive, they can provide useful insight into ovarian reserve and help inform timely conversations with healthcare professionals. Age itself, however, remains the single most important predictor of conception and live birth—more so than any individual hormone result.

When you know time matters, waiting becomes incredibly difficult.

## Life Doesn't Always Follow the Fertility Timeline

Very few couples plan their family around biology alone.

Careers take off. Relationships evolve. Finances need to feel secure. A home needs to be found. Sometimes life simply happens in a different order than expected.

Across many developed countries, women are choosing to have children later than previous generations. In England and Wales, the average age of mothers has risen steadily over recent decades, with more women giving birth in their late 30s and early 40s than in earlier generations.

For some, their first pregnancy arrives completely unexpectedly.

What began as a surprise quickly becomes one of life's greatest joys. The maternal instinct takes over, families adapt, and what wasn't planned becomes exactly what was meant to be.

But life moves on.

A few years later, when the time feels right to grow the family again, the experience can be very different.

A woman who conceived naturally at 38 may find herself trying for a second child at 42 or 43, only to discover that fertility has changed dramatically in just a few years.

It can come as an enormous shock.

Many women assume that because they became pregnant once without difficulty, it will happen again. Unfortunately, biology doesn't always work that way.

Fertility can change significantly with age, even for women who have previously had healthy pregnancies. Egg quantity and egg quality both decline over time, making conception more difficult and increasing the likelihood that couples may need additional support.

Yet one of the biggest surprises for many women isn't their fertility results.

It's discovering that they could have checked sooner.

Despite growing awareness around fertility, many women still don't realise that an ovarian reserve blood test—such as an [AMH test](https://i-screen.ai/tests/amh-test)—is readily available. Many are unaware they can access this information without waiting months for a prolonged referral pathway.

Having this knowledge earlier doesn't guarantee pregnancy.

But it can provide something equally valuable: **time.**

Time to ask questions.

Time to seek professional advice.

Time to understand your options.

And time to make informed decisions before biology makes them for you.

At **[i-screen](https://i-screen.ai/health-goals/support-womens-health-fertility)**, we believe every woman deserves to understand her reproductive health before she reaches a point of crisis—not after. By making health screening more accessible, easier to understand and available when women choose to act, we're helping replace uncertainty with clarity, and worry with confidence.

## The Cost of Delay

For many women, the greatest frustration isn't necessarily receiving difficult news.

It's waiting to receive it.

Waiting for:

- A GP appointment
- A specialist referral
- Blood tests
- Laboratory results
- Follow-up consultations
- Another menstrual cycle

Whether navigating public healthcare or paying privately, delays can feel emotionally exhausting—particularly when fertility changes month by month.

Many women describe feeling caught between systems, unsure whether they should wait patiently or push harder for answers.

## Left to Decode Complex Results Alone

Receiving fertility results should bring clarity.

Instead, many women find themselves opening an online portal filled with unfamiliar abbreviations:

- **AMH**
- **FSH**
- **LH**
- **Estradiol**
- **Antral follicle count**

What do they actually mean?

Google becomes the unofficial consultant.

Online forums replace clinical conversations.

Instead of reassurance, women often encounter conflicting advice, misinformation and unnecessary anxiety.

Health information shouldn't require a medical degree to understand.

## Fertility Is Rarely Just One Person's Journey

While women undergo the physical testing, the emotional burden often falls disproportionately on them too.

Partners may not fully understand ovarian reserve, miscarriage, hormone testing or reproductive timelines—not through lack of care, but simply because fertility education has historically focused very little on male partners.

Open conversations and shared understanding help couples make informed decisions together.

Because fertility isn't just women's health.

It's family health.

## The Financial Reality

For many families, fertility is also a financial challenge.

Depending on where someone lives, eligibility for NHS-funded IVF can vary significantly by age, medical history and local Integrated Care Board (ICB) policies. Many couples find they don't qualify on criteria they hadn't anticipated.

Private fertility treatment can cost thousands of pounds per cycle before medication, testing and additional procedures are considered.

Along the way come recurring expenses:

- Supplements
- Vitamins
- Additional blood tests
- Repeat scans
- Consultations
- Lifestyle changes

For many, the emotional cost arrives long before the financial one.

## Miscarriage: The Conversation We Still Don't Have Enough

Pregnancy loss is far more common than many people realise—affecting around 1 in 5 recognised pregnancies, with the risk rising sharply with maternal age.

Yet many women describe miscarriage as one of the loneliest experiences of their lives.

Recovery is physical.

Recovery is emotional.

Recovery is often accompanied by countless unanswered questions.

Many women become accidental experts—researching hormones, implantation, nutrition, genetics and fertility medicine simply because they are desperate to understand what happened.

Support should not begin only after someone asks for it.

## Why Earlier Knowledge Changes Everything

No health screening can guarantee pregnancy.

But earlier knowledge creates earlier opportunities.

Understanding fertility health sooner may help women:

- Ask informed questions
- Seek specialist advice earlier
- Understand changing hormone patterns
- Identify potential concerns sooner
- Make decisions with greater confidence

Knowledge cannot stop the biological clock.

But it can prevent unnecessary uncertainty.

## Around the World, Access Isn't Equal

Access to fertility testing and treatment differs considerably between countries.

Some healthcare systems provide faster access to fertility investigations or broader reproductive services, while others have longer waiting times or stricter eligibility criteria.

For women navigating these differences, understanding their own health becomes even more valuable.

## Taking Ownership Before Time Decides

Women's healthcare shouldn't leave people feeling powerless.

It should leave them informed.

At **[i-screen](https://i-screen.ai/health-goals/support-womens-health-fertility)**, we believe health screening should give every woman three things:

**Convenience** — Simple, accessible testing that fits around real life, not months of uncertainty.

**Control** — Clear health insights that help women understand where they stand today.

**Confidence** — Friendly, easy-to-understand reporting that empowers informed conversations with healthcare professionals and supports better decision-making.

Because knowledge isn't about replacing doctors.

It's about arriving informed, prepared and ready to advocate for your own health.

## Every Month Matters

For women facing questions about fertility, waiting is rarely just waiting.

It's birthdays.

Calendar reminders.

Pregnancy announcements.

Another menstrual cycle.

Another "maybe next month."

The sooner women understand their health, the sooner they can explore their options, ask the right questions and move forward with greater confidence.

Because when every month matters, information becomes one of the most valuable forms of care.

**Explore i-screen's fertility and hormone screening:**

- [AMH (Ovarian Reserve) Test](https://i-screen.ai/tests/amh-test) — a simple blood test to understand your ovarian reserve.
- [Fertility Test](https://i-screen.ai/tests/fertility-test) — a broader hormone panel for a fuller picture of your reproductive health.
- [Support Women's Health & Fertility](https://i-screen.ai/health-goals/support-womens-health-fertility) — browse all related screening.

---

## Key Facts

- Female fertility declines progressively with age, with a steeper decline from around age 37.
- By age 40, the chance of conceiving naturally each cycle is roughly half what it was in the late 20s and early 30s.
- Age remains the most important predictor of natural conception and live birth—more so than any single hormone result.
- Around 1 in 5 recognised pregnancies ends in miscarriage, with risk increasing significantly with maternal age.
- AMH testing indicates ovarian reserve but does not, on its own, predict the ability to conceive naturally; it should be interpreted alongside clinical assessment.
- Access to NHS-funded fertility treatment varies by age, medical history and local ICB policies.

> *The earlier you understand your health, the more choices you may have. That's the power of informed screening.*

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By 40, the chance of conceiving naturally each cycle is roughly half what it was at 30. An AMH or fertility test won't guarantee pregnancy - but it buys you time to understand your options sooner.

AMH & Fertility Testing: Why Knowing Your Ovarian Reserve Sooner Matters

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### Why Environmental Toxins Matter

We often think of pollution as something outside of us — smog hanging over a city, chemicals spilling into waterways, or pesticides sprayed across farmland. But many of the environmental pollutants shaping modern health are much closer to home. They can be found in the air we breathe, the food we eat, the plastics we use, the fragrances we wear, and the cleaning products we rely on every day.

That is one reason toxin exposure has become such a growing topic in health and wellness. People are becoming more aware that low-level, ongoing exposure to environmental chemicals may be playing a role in how they feel — even when the source is not obvious. From hormone-disrupting plastics to pesticide residues and volatile organic compounds, modern life can expose us to a far broader chemical load than many people realise.

### What Is My Toxin Report?

At i-screen, [My Toxin Report](https://www.i-screen.com.au/tests/environmental-pollutant-test) is designed to help uncover that hidden burden. This simple urine test looks at a wide range of environmental pollutants that may be affecting the body, including compounds linked to plastics, solvents, preservatives, pesticides and herbicides.

Rather than guessing what your body may be processing, [My Toxin Report](https://www.i-screen.com.au/tests/environmental-pollutant-test) offers a clearer starting point for understanding your exposure profile.

### What Does My Toxin Report Measure?

What makes [My Toxin Report](https://www.i-screen.com.au/tests/environmental-pollutant-test) especially useful is that it does not focus on just one category of exposure. Instead, it offers a broader picture of environmental burden by assessing markers linked to multiple pollutant groups.

This includes plastic-related compounds such as phthalates and BPA, preservatives such as parabens, pesticide and herbicide markers including glyphosate-related compounds, and solvent-based pollutants such as benzene and styrene. The report also includes quinolinate, a marker associated with neurotoxic stress.

### Common Sources of Everyday Exposure

Many of these chemicals can enter daily life in ways people do not always expect. Plastic-related compounds may come from food packaging, drink bottles, personal care items and household products. Pesticides and herbicides may be encountered through food, water and environmental contact. Volatile organic compounds can come from traffic pollution, fuel exposure, fragrances, paints, industrial emissions and indoor air contaminants.

These exposures are often low-level but ongoing, which is why many people are becoming more interested in understanding their cumulative toxic load rather than only looking for acute exposure.

### Who May Benefit From Testing?

For individuals dealing with unexplained symptoms, this kind of insight can be valuable. Fatigue, brain fog, headaches, poor concentration, hormonal imbalance, skin issues and general feelings of being “off” are often explored through diet, lifestyle, hormones or gut health — but environmental exposure is not always considered.

While a toxin test cannot diagnose disease or prove that one specific chemical is causing a symptom, it can provide a meaningful snapshot of the types of compounds the body may be clearing or holding onto. That information can then support more focused conversations with a healthcare practitioner.

### Turning Awareness Into Action

This is where the value of testing really comes into focus. Rather than creating more fear, a test like [My Toxin Report](https://www.i-screen.com.au/tests/environmental-pollutant-test) can help turn vague concerns into clearer data. It shifts the conversation from “I wonder if toxins are affecting me” to “Here is what may actually be showing up in my body right now.”

From there, people can make more targeted and realistic changes. That might include reducing the use of fragranced products, switching to glass instead of heating food in plastic, filtering water, choosing cleaner household products, improving indoor ventilation, or being more mindful about produce and pesticide exposure. For some, it may also open the door to practitioner-led support around detoxification pathways, nutritional support and reducing ongoing toxic burden.

### A More Informed Approach to Health

Environmental health is not about chasing perfection. It is about becoming more aware of the world we live in and understanding how our daily environment may be interacting with our biology. Most people cannot eliminate all exposure, but they can make smarter, more informed decisions once they know where their biggest risks may lie.

That is why [My Toxin Report](https://www.i-screen.com.au/tests/environmental-pollutant-test) is such a relevant test for today. It reflects a growing understanding that health is shaped not only by what we eat or how we exercise, but also by what we absorb, inhale and accumulate over time. In a world where environmental chemicals are increasingly part of everyday life, having access to a clearer picture of your personal exposure can be a powerful step toward more informed, preventative healthcare.

### Call to Action

Concerned about hidden exposure to plastics, pesticides, solvents or other environmental chemicals? [My Toxin Report](https://www.i-screen.com.au/tests/environmental-pollutant-test) is a simple at-home urine test designed to help identify your body’s toxic burden and support more informed next steps for your health.

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My Toxin Report is an at-home urine test that helps identify exposure to environmental pollutants including plastics, pesticides, solvents and preservatives to support informed health decisions.

My Toxin Report: The Hidden Exposures Shaping Modern Health

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Endocrine-disrupting chemicals remain firmly in the health spotlight in 2025 - not because they’re new, but because research continues to reveal just how subtly and persistently they can influence human biology.

Endocrine-disrupting chemicals are chemicals that can interfere with the body’s hormone systems, often at very low levels. Substances such as bisphenols (including BPA), phthalates, and PFAS are now [widespread in modern life](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41275145/), appearing in plastics, food packaging, personal care products, and household items. As a result, exposure is often ongoing and unavoidable.

What’s increasingly clear is that these chemicals don’t act in isolation. Instead, they interact with the endocrine system over time, [influencing metabolism, reproduction, stress response, and neurodevelopment](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40561611/) - sometimes long before symptoms appear.

### Metabolic health: when hormones don’t behave as expected

One of the most consistent areas of concern is metabolic health. Endocrine-disrupting chemical exposure has been [linked to obesity and type 2 diabetes](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36982431/), not simply through calorie balance or lifestyle choices, but through hormonal disruption.

Research shows that certain endocrine disruptors can:
- alter fat cell development
- interfere with insulin signalling
- disrupt neuroendocrine pathways involved in appetite and energy regulation
- influence gene expression through epigenetic mechanisms

This helps explain why some individuals struggle with weight, blood sugar regulation, or energy levels despite making appropriate lifestyle changes. In these cases, understanding how hormones are functioning across the day can be particularly valuable.

The [Advanced DUTCH Test](https://www.i-screen.com.au/tests/advanced-dutch-test) offers clinicians and individuals insight into cortisol rhythm, sex hormone balance, and hormone metabolism patterns, helping to contextualise metabolic symptoms that may otherwise appear unexplained.

### Reproductive and neurodevelopmental effects across the lifespan

The reproductive system and developing brain are especially sensitive to hormonal disruption. Endocrine-disrupting chemicals have been associated with:
- altered pubertal timing
- menstrual and androgen imbalances
- impaired fertility
- [neurodevelopmental delays in children](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39013523/)

Some studies suggest that endocrine disruption may even have [transgenerational effects](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39003048/), with exposures in one generation influencing health outcomes in subsequent generations. This highlights the importance of understanding hormone regulation over time, rather than relying on single-point measurements.

For clinicians, broader hormone pattern analysis, such as that provided by the [Advanced DUTCH Test](https://www.i-screen.com.au/tests/advanced-dutch-test), can offer deeper insight into oestrogen metabolism, androgen activity, and stress-hormone dynamics. For individuals, this can help explain symptoms that feel disconnected or difficult to pin down.

### Regulation is evolving, but exposure remains part of modern life

Across Europe, [regulatory frameworks such as REACH](https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMra2300476?utm_source=openevidence) continue to evolve in response to growing evidence around endocrine disruption. Professional endocrine societies have also called for greater investment in research to better understand low-dose, long-term chemical exposure and its health implications.

While regulation is important, exposure remains part of daily life. This makes understanding __individual hormone responses__ more relevant than ever.

### From exposure to response: why hormone pattern testing matters

Not everyone exposed to endocrine-disrupting chemicals experiences the same symptoms. Genetics, stress, nutrition, liver function, and gut health all influence how the body responds and adapts.

Rather than asking only “What was the exposure?”, clinicians increasingly ask:
- How is the endocrine system functioning now?
- Are stress hormones well regulated?
- How effectively are hormones being metabolised and cleared?

The [Advanced DUTCH Test](https://www.i-screen.com.au/tests/advanced-dutch-test) supports these questions by providing a comprehensive view of hormone patterns over time. For patients, this can bring clarity and reassurance. For clinicians, it supports more personalised, informed decision-making.

### A calmer, more informed way forward

The conversation around endocrine-disrupting chemicals can easily become overwhelming. But the goal isn’t alarm, it’s understanding.

By focusing on how the body is responding rather than on fear of exposure alone, patients and clinicians can work together to support hormone balance, resilience, and long-term health.

At i-screen, we believe that better insight leads to better conversations, and ultimately, better care.

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Endocrine-disrupting chemicals can subtly affect hormone balance over time. The Advanced DUTCH Test helps individuals and clinicians understand daily hormone patterns and stress responses beyond standard blood tests.

Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals: Why They Matter for Hormone Health

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The human gut is one of the most complex ecosystems on earth, housing trillions of microbes that influence digestion, immunity, mood, metabolism, and skin. But until recently, most gut tests only scratched the surface — giving you a limited snapshot rather than the full picture.

That’s why the [Microbiomix Metagenomic Mapping test](https://www.healthily.co.uk/tests/comprehensive-gut-health-check-microbiomix-metagenomic-mapping) is a game-changer. It is the most comprehensive gut health test on the market today, offering unparalleled depth, accuracy, and actionable insights.

👉 Order the Microbiomix Metagenomic Mapping gut health check [here](https://www.healthily.co.uk/tests/comprehensive-gut-health-check-microbiomix-metagenomic-mapping).

### Why Microbiomix Stands Apart
Unlike conventional stool tests that rely on cultures or limited PCR panels, the Microbiomix test uses advanced shotgun metagenomic sequencing. This technology maps over 28,000 microbial species — far more than any standard test.

What makes it the most comprehensive option available?

- __Widest microbial detection range:__ Bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites — including rare and unculturable species missed by other tests.
- __Functional insights:__ Goes beyond identifying microbes to reveal what they’re doing — from vitamin production to inflammatory pathways.
- __High accuracy:__ Detects at least 25% more DNA than older microbiome sequencing methods, ensuring nothing is overlooked.
- __Holistic overview:__ Incorporates digestion, inflammation, immune markers, and microbial balance — offering a full 360° view of gut health.

### The Value of Microbiomix

__1. Actionable Results You Can Trust__
When you invest in the most advanced testing method, you eliminate guesswork. The insights provided are detailed, evidence-based, and highly relevant to your health.

__2. A True Roadmap to Better Health__
Rather than generic advice, you’ll receive personalized dietary, lifestyle, and supplement recommendations rooted in the unique composition of your microbiome.

__3. Clarity for Complex Symptoms__
For those struggling with persistent bloating, IBS-like symptoms, fatigue, brain fog, or skin conditions, the test provides answers that other stool analyses may miss.

__4. Prevention and Long-Term Wellness__
Because it identifies subtle imbalances early, the Microbiomix test supports proactive care — reducing risk for chronic inflammation, metabolic disorders, and autoimmune conditions.

### Who Should Consider This Test?
This is the gold standard test for anyone serious about understanding and improving their gut health. It’s particularly valuable for:

- People with ongoing digestive symptoms
- Those managing autoimmune or inflammatory conditions
- Individuals with unexplained fatigue, skin issues, or mood imbalances
- Anyone seeking proactive, preventative insights into their long-term health

### Ready to Experience the Gold Standard?
When it comes to gut health testing, there is no more thorough or advanced option. The Microbiomix Metagenomic Mapping test is the most comprehensive test on the market — giving you the clarity, detail, and direction you need to take control of your health.

👉 Click [here](https://www.healthily.co.uk/tests/comprehensive-gut-health-check-microbiomix-metagenomic-mapping) to learn more and order the [Microbiomix Comprehensive Gut Health Check](https://www.healthily.co.uk/tests/comprehensive-gut-health-check-microbiomix-metagenomic-mapping)

Your gut holds the key to your well-being. With the most advanced test available, you can finally unlock it.

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The Microbiomix Metagenomic Mapping test is the most comprehensive gut health check available, detecting 28,000+ microbes with advanced sequencing to deliver clear, actionable insights for digestion, immunity, mood, and long-term wellness.

Microbiomix: The Most Comprehensive Gut Health Test on the Market

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# The Advanced DUTCH Check – The Game-Changer for Your Hormone Health

If you're trying to get to the root cause of your hormonal symptoms — like fatigue, mood swings, PMS, low libido, or stubborn weight gain — the [Advanced DUTCH Check](https://www.i-screen.com.au/tests/dutch-advanced-test) could be the breakthrough you’ve been looking for.

Unlike standard blood tests that only provide a snapshot of your hormones, the DUTCH test (Dried Urine Test for Comprehensive Hormones) offers a much deeper insight into how your hormones are functioning over a 24-hour period — all from four simple urine samples collected at home.
The [DUTCH Advanced Check](https://www.i-screen.com.au/tests/dutch-advanced-test) is one of the most powerful tools in functional and integrative medicine today. This panel assesses 90 different markers across several hormone pathways.

## So What’s Covered in the Advanced DUTCH Check?
### Oestrogen Metabolism – a delicate balance

The [Advanced DUTCH Check](https://www.i-screen.com.au/tests/dutch-advanced-test) assesses oestrogen levels and their metabolic pathways, helping to identify imbalances that may contribute to symptoms like PMS, perimenopause, weight gain, breast health and signs of oestrogen dominance. The Advanced DUTCH Check also evaluates how effectively the body is detoxifying oestrogens, which is crucial for reducing the risk of hormone-sensitive conditions.
The balance between the 3 types of oestrogen - oestrone (E1), oestradiol (E2), and oestriol (E3) is key to hormonal health:

- __Oestradiol (E2)__ is the most potent and biologically active oestrogen which is essential for menstrual cycle regulation, fertility, bone health, mood, and cognition. Imbalances may lead to symptoms like PMS, heavy periods, breast tenderness, or anxiety.
- __Oestrone (E1)__ is a weaker oestrogen which is more prevalent post-menopause. Oestrone can be converted into potentially harmful metabolites, with elevated levels contributing to oestrogen dominance or hormone-sensitive conditions if not properly detoxified.
- __Oestriol (E3)__ is a weaker and more protective form of oestrogen which may counterbalance the effects of E1 and E.
- __The Oestrogen Quotient__ reflects this balance — a low ratio may increase risk of oestrogen-related issues.

### Progesterone Metabolism - the harmonising hormone

The [Advanced DUTCH Check](https://www.i-screen.com.au/tests/dutch-advanced-test) assesses progesterone which provide insight into how well your body is producing and metabolising this key hormone. Progesterone plays a crucial balancing role with oestrogen. It helps regulate menstrual cycles, supports implantation and pregnancy, promotes calm mood and sleep, and protects against the overstimulation effects of oestrogen.

When progesterone is low and oestrogen is relatively higher—even if oestrogen levels are technically within range—this creates a state known as oestrogen dominance. This imbalance is linked to symptoms such as:

- PMS and menstrual irregularities
- Breast tenderness or fibrocystic breasts
- Anxiety and mood swings
- Weight gain, especially around the hips and thighs
- Heavy or painful periods
- Increased risk of endometriosis and hormone-related cancers

By identifying the progesterone-to-oestrogen ratio, the [Advanced DUTCH Check](https://www.i-screen.com.au/tests/dutch-advanced-test) helps pinpoint whether oestrogen dominance is a concern and whether support through nutrition, lifestyle changes, or even hormone therapy may be beneficial. It’s especially helpful for women in perimenopause, where progesterone often drops more rapidly than oestrogen, exacerbating symptoms.

### Androgens – the powerful hormones

Androgens play a vital role in both male and female health. The [Advanced DUTCH Check](https://www.i-screen.com.au/tests/dutch-advanced-test) assesses not only the production of key androgens—such as DHEA (a precursor hormone), testosterone, and DHT—but also how your body is metabolising and clearing them.

Understanding the balance and activity of androgens can provide critical insight into a wide range of issues. Elevated levels may be associated with acne, oily skin, hair loss (particularly in a male-pattern distribution), hirsutism (excess facial/body hair in women), and conditions like PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome). Low levels, on the other hand, may contribute to fatigue, low libido, poor muscle tone, low mood, and difficulty recovering from exercise.

The androgen profile helps identify whether your hormone imbalances are due to overproduction, underproduction, or poor detoxification of these powerful hormones—allowing for more targeted interventions.

### Adrenal function – energy and resilience

The [Advanced DUTCH Check](https://www.i-screen.com.au/tests/dutch-advanced-test) gives a detailed view of your adrenal rhythm—how your cortisol levels rise and fall throughout the day—and how efficiently your body is producing and clearing both cortisol and its inactive form, cortisone.

A healthy cortisol rhythm peaks in the morning (to wake you up and energise you) and gradually declines throughout the day. The DUTCH test charts this curve, revealing whether your pattern is too flat, too high, or reversed—all of which may explain symptoms like fatigue, insomnia, anxiety, mid-afternoon crashes, or wired-but-tired energy at night.

The inclusion of cortisol metabolites adds another layer by showing how quickly cortisol is being broken down, which can help differentiate between low adrenal output and rapid cortisol clearance. This information is essential for assessing adrenal function and HPA axis health, especially for people experiencing chronic stress, burnout, sleep disturbances, or inflammatory issues. By understanding your unique stress hormone rhythm and clearance, you can better tailor lifestyle interventions, adaptogens, and nutrient support to restore adrenal resilience and energy.

### Melatonin – sleep hygiene 

Melatonin is your body’s sleep hormone, produced in response to darkness. It plays a key role in regulating your sleep–wake cycle, promoting deep, restorative sleep, and protecting your body from oxidative stress.

The [Advanced DUTCH Check](https://www.i-screen.com.au/tests/dutch-advanced-test) measures melatonin in the urine, giving insight into how much melatonin your body produces overnight. Low levels can contribute to poor sleep quality, difficulty falling or staying asleep, and disrupted circadian rhythms — especially common in people with stress, shift work, screen overexposure at night, or ageing.

Because melatonin is also a powerful antioxidant and immune regulator, this marker has broader implications for immune health, mitochondrial function, and inflammation. Knowing your melatonin status can help you fine-tune your light exposure, bedtime routine, or consider targeted supplements to support healthy sleep and recovery.

### Environmental Toxins and the impact on Hormone Health

One standout feature of the [Advanced DUTCH Check](https://www.i-screen.com.au/tests/dutch-advanced-test) is its ability to assess exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). These are substances—including certain heavy metals, plastics, and industrial compounds—that can interfere with the body’s natural hormone production, signalling, and detoxification pathways.

This panel measures key disruptors such as Bisphenol A (BPA), PFAS compounds (including PFOA and PFOS), and toxic metals like arsenic, cadmium, lead, chromium, mercury, aluminium, and nickel. These compounds are known to mimic or block hormone activity, contribute to oxidative stress, and disrupt metabolic and reproductive health.

By including this testing, the [Advanced DUTCH Check](https://www.i-screen.com.au/tests/dutch-advanced-test) offers a more complete picture of hormone imbalance causes, especially when symptoms persist despite normal hormone levels. Identifying your toxic burden can help tailor nutritional, lifestyle, and detoxification strategies that support both hormone balance and overall wellbeing.

### Deep Dive into Nutritional & Metabolic Health

Unlike other DUTCH tests on the market, our [Advanced DUTCH Check](https://www.i-screen.com.au/tests/dutch-advanced-test) goes beyond hormones to include key nutritional organic acids—compounds that reveal how well your body is producing energy, metabolising neurotransmitters, and processing essential vitamins. These markers offer a unique window into nutrient deficiencies (like B vitamins), oxidative stress, and mitochondrial function—all of which play a foundational role in your energy, mood, and overall resilience.

This part of the test helps connect the dots between low energy, brain fog, mood imbalances, and hidden metabolic issues. By identifying blocks in these pathways, you can take targeted action with nutrients and lifestyle adjustments to support your body's cellular health and vitality.

### In Summary, our Advanced DUTCH Check goes the extra mile by offering:

- A comprehensive analysis of reproductive and adrenal hormones, including oestrogens, progesterone, testosterone, DHEA, and cortisol.
- Insight into your body’s detoxification pathways and oestrogen metabolism, highlighting potential areas for nutritional or lifestyle support.
- A clear connection between your hormone patterns and symptoms related to mood, energy, brain function, and sleep quality.
- A window into nutritional status and metabolic function, assessing key organic acids linked to B vitamins, neurotransmitters, and oxidative stress.
- An in-depth look at how your body breaks down and clears hormones, providing personalised insights for reducing toxic load and improving balance.

### Why This Test Is Different

With our [Advanced DUTCH Check](https://www.i-screen.com.au/tests/dutch-advanced-test), i-screen makes your hormone data easier to understand and act on. You’ll receive a clear, easy-to-follow report with expert interpretation of your results. If you're looking for next steps, you can book a Nutrition Assessment for tailored guidance on diet and a personalised supplement prescription based on your profile. This expert support helps you implement safe, evidence-based strategies to restore hormone balance and improve your health.

Whether you’re dealing with PMS, PCOS, perimenopause, low libido, anxiety, or fatigue — the [Advanced DUTCH Check](https://www.i-screen.com.au/tests/dutch-advanced-test) could be your most powerful tool yet for understanding your body and regaining balance.

👉 View a [demo](https://www.i-screen.com.au/app/demo/result/00170157/dutch-advanced-test) of our [Advanced DUTCH Check](https://www.i-screen.com.au/app/demo/result/00170157/dutch-advanced-test) or order your test [here](https://www.i-screen.com.au/tests/dutch-advanced-test).

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If you're trying to get to the root cause of your hormonal symptoms — like fatigue, mood swings, PMS, low libido, or stubborn weight gain — the Advanced DUTCH Check could be the breakthrough you’ve been looking for.

The Advanced DUTCH Check – The Game-Changer for Your Hormone Health

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You eat well. You exercise. Your blood work comes back “normal.” And yet… you still feel off. Maybe it's persistent fatigue, anxiety that comes on for no discernible reason, bloating, insomnia, or just the general sense that your body is just not functioning on all cylinders.

That’s where the [Organic Acids Test]((https://www.healthily.co.uk/tests/organic-acids-test) comes in.

This comprehensive urine test doesn’t just measure static nutrient levels, it explains how your body is truly performing at the cellular and metabolic level. From energy production and neurotransmitter balance to detoxification and gastrointestinal health, it presents information that standard blood tests commonly miss.

### What Is the Organic Acids Test?

The [Organic Acids Test]((https://www.healthily.co.uk/tests/organic-acids-test) is a functional health assessment that evaluates more than 60 organic acid markers from a single urine specimen. These markers are by-products of critical metabolic pathways, and they reflect real-time information about how your body is working behind the scenes.

As opposed to regular blood tests, which look at fixed levels of nutrients or hormone status, the [Organic Acids Test]((https://www.healthily.co.uk/tests/organic-acids-test) looks at dynamic processes like how your cells are using nutrients, what they lack, and whether key systems like detox or energy production are in stress.

It’s particularly useful for people experiencing persistent symptoms that don’t show up clearly in standard lab work. Think of it as a behind-the-scenes look at how your body’s systems are *actually functioning*.

__Which Symptoms Might Indicate You’d Benefit From This Test?__

You might benefit from the Organic Acids Check if you’re experiencing:
- Persistent fatigue, even with adequate rest
- Brain fog, memory issues, or difficulty concentrating
- Low mood, anxiety, or irritability
- Difficulty falling and/or staying asleep
- Frequent digestive issues like bloating, constipation, or food intolerance
- Trouble recovering from exercise or feeling physically drained
- Skin issues like acne or rashes
- Hormonal imbalances or irregular cycles
- Chemical sensitivities or trouble tolerating supplements

Many people with these symptoms have normal blood tests, which can be frustrating. The [Organic Acids Check]((https://www.healthily.co.uk/tests/organic-acids-test) helps uncover the “why” behind how you're feeling, by examining what’s happening on a deeper biochemical level.

### Key Areas of Insight from the Organic Acids Test

__1. Nutritional Biomarkers: Are Your Cells Getting What They Need?__

You might be eating a healthy diet or taking supplements, but is your body actively utilising those nutrients? The Organic Acids Test assesses your functional need for vital nutrients by examining how your cells are metabolising them. It evaluates important markers such as
- __Pyridoxic Acid (Vitamin B6)__ – low levels can influence mood, sleep, hormone balance, and immune function. B6 plays a critical role in neurotransmitter synthesis, particularly serotonin and GABA.
- __Pantothenic Acid (Vitamin B5)__ – vital for energy production and adrenal function; insufficiency may result in fatigue and lack of tolerance to stress.
- __Glutaric Acid (Vitamin B2)__ – supports mitochondrial energy production and antioxidant defence; imbalances can result in low endurance or brain fog.
- __Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C)__ – plays a role in immune support, collagen synthesis, and detoxification.
- __CoQ10 and N-Acetylcysteine (NAC)__ – CoQ10 is essential for cellular energy and cardiovascular function, and NAC helps in the creation of glutathione - your body's master antioxidant.
- __Biotin (Vitamin H)__ – supports hair, skin, and nail health, as well as metabolism of fats and carbohydrates.
- __Creatinine (urine)__ – provides context for the rest of the results to be interpreted accurately.

These markers don’t just identify deficiencies, they help uncover the underlying reasons you may feel fatigued, inflamed, or slow to recover, even if you're already taking supplements.

__2. Methylation Cofactors: Key Regulators of Cellular Function__

Methylation is a key biochemical process that impacts everything from hormone metabolism to DNA repair to mental wellbeing. When methylation is impaired, you might experience anxiety, hormonal imbalances, brain fog, or poor detoxification. This test evaluates:

- __Methylmalonic Acid (MMA)__ – a sensitive marker for vitamin B12 deficiency - even if your blood B12 levels are normal, high MMA may be a marker for a functional deficiency.
- __Formiminoglutamic Acid (FIGLU)__ – a marker for folate status - elevated FIGLU may mean your body isn’t converting folate properly, which can reduce neurotransmitter synthesis and DNA function.

Together, these markers provide an idea of how well your methylation pathways are working and whether you might benefit from targeted nutrients like B12, folate, or TMG to support them.

__3. Neurotransmitter Metabolism: Mood, Focus & Mental Clarity__

Neurotransmitter imbalances are often at the root of mental issues like anxiety, low mood, brain fog, and focus. The Organic Acids Test measures downstream compounds of serotonin, dopamine, and adrenaline, providing indirect information about how well your brain chemistry is functioning.

- __5HIAA__ – reflects serotonin metabolism and low levels indicate reduced production of serotonin, which is linked with anxiety, poor mood, and insomnia.
- __HVA and VMA__ – dopamine and adrenaline metabolites - imbalances may point to overstimulation (anxiety, panic, insomnia) or burnout and fatigue.
- __Kynurenic and Quinolinic Acid__ – metabolites in the tryptophan pathway that can signal underlying inflammation or issues related to mood regulation.
- __Picolinic Acid __– supports immune health and zinc metabolism, where an imbalance may reflect inflammation or nutrient deficiencies.
- __Cortisol__ – urine cortisol gives a window into HPA axis activity - low levels can reflect burnout, while high levels can point to chronic stress.

These insights are especially helpful for those with stress intolerance, mood swings, sleep issues, or cognitive difficulties.

__4. Toxin Exposure and Detoxification: How Efficient Is Your Detox System?__

If you’re sensitive to scents, alcohol, medications or just always feel sluggish, your detox pathways might be overwhelmed.

- __2-Methylhippuric Acid__ – elevated levels are often associated with exposure to industrial solvents or chemicals, indicating environmental toxin accumulation in the system.
- __Glucaric Acid__ – an important marker for liver Phase I detoxification activity, providing insights into how efficiently the liver is processing and neutralising toxins from the bloodstream.
- __Orotic Acid__ – typically elevated when ammonia accumulates, which can indicate liver stress or impaired protein metabolism.
- __a-OH-Butyric Acid and Pyroglutamic Acid__ – markers of oxidative stress and glutathione depletion, your body’s primary defence against toxins.

Higher readings here suggest that your body possibly requires support from antioxidants, amino acids, or detox nutrient support like NAC, glycine, or glutathione precursors.

__5. Gut Bacterial and Yeast Imbalance: A Hidden Source of Inflammation__

Even if you don’t experience bloat or gas, gut imbalances can indirectly lead to fatigue, inflammation, low mood, and nutrient loss. This test detects metabolites that can indicate bacterial or fungal overgrowth:

- __Bacterial markers__ – Benzoate, Hippurate, Phenylacetate, Phenylpropionate, Para-Hydroxybenzoate, Indoleacetic Acid
- __Fungal/yeast markers__ – Tartaric Acid, Arabinitol, Citramalic Acid, Tricarballylate, 4-Cresol, 3-OH-Proprionic Acid, Dihydroxyphenylpropionic Acid

These metabolites are waste products of dysbiotic microbes, and their presence can indicate a need for antimicrobial supplementation, probiotics, or dietary changes. Addressing these markers can be key to resolving issues such as brain fog, mood fluctuations, and persistent skin problems that may stem from the gut.

__6. Oxalate Metabolites: Sign of Inflammation, Discomfort, and Gut Stress__

Oxalates are naturally occurring substances in foods like spinach and almonds, however, when your gut flora is out of balance, excess oxalates are absorbed, which can cause joint pain, urinary discomfort, skin rashes, fatigue, or brain fog.

This test looks at __Oxalic Acid__, __Glyceric Acid__, and __Glycolic Acid__, which may point to a need for probiotics (like Oxalobacter formigenes), a low-oxalate diet, or targeted detox support.

__7. B-Complex & Amino Acid Markers: Essential Drivers of Biochemical Functions__

Your B-vitamins contribute to almost every metabolic process. These markers help detect where additional B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, or biotin may be needed to aid with symptoms like fatigue or hormonal imbalance.
- __a-Ketoisovaleric, a-Ketoisocaproic, a-Keto-b-Methylvaleric Acid__ – require B1, B2, B3, and B5 for proper metabolism.
- __Xanthurenic Acid__ – increases when B6 is deficient.
- __beta-Hydroxyisovaleric Acid__ – suggests a functional need for biotin.

These insights guide more effective and personalised supplementation strategies, especially if you’re not seeing the results you want with standard multivitamins.

__8. Citric Acid Cycle Metabolites: Your Energy Production Powerhouse__

The citric acid (Krebs) cycle is the method by which your body turns food into cellular energy (ATP). Issues here typically cause low energy, brain fog, and intolerance to exercise.

Markers like Citric Acid, Succinic Acid, Malic Acid, a-Ketoglutaric Acid, and others show whether your mitochondria are functioning well. Abnormal levels may suggest mitochondrial dysfunction or the need for nutrients like magnesium, B vitamins, or lipoic acid.

__9. Carbohydrate Metabolism & Glycolysis: Key Processes for Energy Conversion__

If your body has trouble turning carbohydrates into energy, you may feel fatigued, have cravings, or experience blood sugar swings.

This test measures markers like Pyruvic Acid, Lactic Acid, and Glucose that reflect how well your glycolysis pathways are functioning. Imbalances in this category can lead to increased insulin resistance, nutrient deficiencies, or abnormal mitochondrial uptake of glucose.
10. Ketone and Fatty Acid Metabolites: Fuelling Your Body's Energy Needs
When your body uses fat as fuel, it produces certain metabolites. High levels of Adipic Acid, Suberic Acid, or Ethylmalonic Acid may point to issues with fat metabolism, which is often due to carnitine or riboflavin (B2) deficiencies. This can leave you feeling tired, slow to recover from exercise, or unable to lose weight.

### Take the Guesswork Out of Your Health

The [Organic Acids Test]((https://www.healthily.co.uk/tests/organic-acids-test) bridges the gap between how you feel and what your standard lab tests show. It’s a sensitive tool that highlights functional imbalances, often long before disease is diagnosed. Through analysing metabolic patterns, it helps uncover the underlying causes of symptoms and guides precise, targeted treatment.

If you’ve tried different diets, supplements, or medications without lasting results, this test can help identify what your body truly needs.

With the Organic Acids Test, you get more than just a lab result. It instead offers a detailed roadmap to a healthier you. A way to understand your body’s signals, reconnect with your health, and start making informed decisions about nutrition, lifestyle, and the next steps.
Ready to get started? Order your [Organic Acids Check]((https://www.healthily.co.uk/tests/organic-acids-test) today.


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Feeling tired, foggy or off despite “normal” blood work? The Organic Acids Test uncovers hidden nutrient, gut, and metabolic imbalances that could explain your symptoms.

The Organic Acids Test: A Deeper Look at Fatigue, Brain Fog & Gut Health

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## Mould Toxicity and Nutritional Support

Mould exposure can cause a wide range of health problems, from respiratory issues and fatigue to neurological symptoms and immune dysfunction. While removing the source of exposure is critical, nutrition plays a key role in supporting the body’s natural detoxification processes, reducing inflammation, and restoring immune function.

### 1. Support Detox Pathways
__Glutathione Boosters:__ Glutathione is the body’s master antioxidant and a critical detoxifier for mycotoxins. Research shows that boosting glutathione can enhance mould detoxification. Foods like broccoli, Brussels sprouts, garlic, onions, and avocados are natural sources, while supplements like N-acetylcysteine (NAC) can increase glutathione levels.

__Sulphur-Rich Foods:__ Sulphur-containing compounds support phase II liver detoxification. Cruciferous vegetables, garlic, onions, and eggs provide these essential compounds.

### 2. Reduce Inflammation and Oxidative Stress
__Antioxidants:__ High levels of oxidative stress are common in mould-exposed individuals. Antioxidants like vitamin C, vitamin E, selenium, and polyphenols may help in reducing oxidative damage.

__Omega-3 Fatty Acids:__ These reduce inflammation and support cell repair, with studies showing benefits for those recovering from mould-related illness.

### 3. Gut and Immune Support
__Probiotics and Prebiotics:__ Mould exposure can disrupt the gut microbiome. Fermented foods like sauerkraut, kimchi, yogurt, kefir, or high-quality probiotics may help restore balance.

__Vitamin D and Zinc:__ Critical for immune function, these nutrients may support recovery from chronic mould.

### 4. Avoiding Re-Exposure
__Dietary Mould Reduction:__ Certain foods like coffee, peanuts, aged cheeses, dried fruits, and mushrooms are more prone to mould contamination and avoiding these foods may be a consideration.

### 5. Hydration and Sweating
__Stay Hydrated:__ Supports toxin elimination through urine. Sweating through sauna use or exercise encourages toxin excretion through the skin.

### 6. Follow-Up Testing
For a more comprehensive assessment of your body’s detox capacity and overall metabolic health, consider following up your mould test with an [Organic Acids Check](https://www.healthily.co.uk/tests/organic-acids-test). This can provide deeper insights into mitochondrial function, neurotransmitter levels, gut dysbiosis, oxidative stress, and detoxification pathways, all of which can be impacted by mycotoxin exposure. Organic Acid testing can help identify ongoing imbalances, monitor recovery progress, and guide targeted nutritional interventions for optimal recovery.

### In Summary
While nutrition alone can’t fix mould exposure, it can play a key role in supporting your body’s recovery. Combining dietary strategies with environmental remediation and targeted medical support can assist in a more complete and lasting recovery.

*The information provided in this blog is for educational purposes only and is not intended as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified healthcare provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition or treatment. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read here. If you suspect you have been exposed to mould or are experiencing related health symptoms, please consult with a healthcare professional for personalised guidance.*

Mould exposure can cause respiratory, neurological, and immune issues. Removing the source is essential, but nutrition can also support detox, reduce inflammation, and restore immune function for recovery.

Mould Toxicity and Nutritional Support

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When it comes to optimising your health, understanding the intricate biochemical processes in your body can be transformative. One critical yet often overlooked process is methylation — a biochemical mechanism essential for your body to function optimally. But what is methylation, and how can genetic methylation testing help you take control of your health?

### Understanding Methylation

Methylation is a biochemical process where a methyl group is added to molecules in your body. This process acts like a switch, regulating gene activity, enzyme functions, and other vital biological mechanisms. Think of methylation as a finely tuned system that impacts numerous functions, including:

- __Mood and Cognitive Health:__ Methylation directly impacts the balance of neurotransmitters like serotonin, dopamine, and noradrenaline, which regulate mood, stress, focus, and memory. For instance, serotonin influences feelings of happiness and calmness, while dopamine governs motivation and reward processing. An inefficient methylation cycle can result in neurotransmitter imbalances, potentially leading to anxiety, depression, brain fog, or memory lapses.
- __Immune Function:__ Methylation supports the production of immune cells and the regulation of inflammatory responses. Proper methylation ensures that immune cells function optimally, helping the body combat infections and prevent autoimmune conditions. Disruption of this process has been linked to an increased susceptibility to chronic inflammation and diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and lupus.
- __Energy and Vitality:__ Methylation plays a key role in converting food into usable energy. It assists in the production of ATP, the primary energy currency of the body, by facilitating nutrient metabolism. Defects in methylation genes can disrupt this cycle, leading to chronic fatigue, low energy levels, and poor endurance.
- __Detoxification:__ Methylation is integral to the body’s detoxification pathways, particularly in the liver. It aids in neutralising and eliminating harmful substances, including environmental toxins, heavy metals, and metabolic by-products. Impaired methylation can lead to a build-up of these toxins, contributing to issues like fatigue, hormonal imbalances, and increased oxidative stress.
- __DNA Repair and Cellular Function:__ Methylation regulates gene expression by adding methyl groups to DNA, effectively turning specific genes on or off as needed. This ensures cells function properly and repair damage caused by factors such as oxidative stress and UV radiation. Efficient DNA repair mechanisms are essential for reducing the risk of diseases like cancer and for supporting overall cellular health and longevity.

### Your Body’s In-Built GPS

Think of methylation as your body's GPS or navigation system. Just like a GPS guides a car to its destination, methylation directs essential processes in your body to function effectively.

1. The __car represents your body__, which relies on fuel (nutrients) and guidance (methylation) to operate effectively.
2. The __GPS represents the methylation process__, ensuring your body's critical systems — like energy production, detoxification, immune responses, and DNA repair — are all directed to their proper destinations.
3. __Fuel is equivalent to nutrients__ like folate, B12, and other vitamins that "activate" the processes that methylation oversees.
4. __Checkpoints along the route represent cellular functions__. As you drive, the GPS helps you navigate multiple checkpoints, similar to how methylation helps your body turn genes on or off, detoxify harmful substances, and repair damage.
5. __Traffic jams or poor road conditions represent genetic variations__ (like MTHFR or CBS). If there's a malfunction in the GPS, the trip becomes inefficient or stalled, potentially leading to issues like fatigue, mood problems, or toxin buildup

By understanding methylation through this analogy, you can learn how to fine-tune your body's internal GPS.

### How Genetic Methylation Testing Can Help

Genetic methylation testing identifies variations in your DNA which influence the efficiency of your body’s methylation processes. These variations affect key genes involved in functions such as detoxification, energy production, and neurotransmitter regulation. By analysing these genetic variations, testing provides valuable insights into how your body manages these critical processes and identifies potential vulnerabilities.

Key genes analysed in methylation testing include:
- __MTHFR:__ This gene affects the conversion of dietary folate into its active form, methylfolate, which is essential for methylation. Variants in MTHFR can reduce this conversion efficiency, potentially leading to issues like low energy, elevated homocysteine levels, or mood disturbances.
- __COMT:__ This gene regulates the breakdown of stress hormones and neurotransmitters such as dopamine and noradrenaline. Variants in COMT may lead to challenges in managing stress or maintaining mental clarity.
- __MTR and MTRR:__ These genes impact vitamin B12 metabolism, which is critical for efficient methylation. Variations can disrupt B12 usage, affecting energy production and detoxification.
- __CBS:__ This gene influences sulphur metabolism and detoxification. Variants in CBS may alter how your body processes sulphur-containing compounds.
- __PEMT:__ Defects in this gene can lead to liver fat accumulation, strain the body’s methylation system, and increase the need for dietary choline. These changes may contribute to liver disease, metabolic issues, and cardiovascular risks.
- __MTHFD1:__ Defects in this gene can significantly impact folate metabolism which is critical for DNA synthesis, repair, and methylation. This can result in elevated homocysteine levels (increasing cardiovascular risk), higher cancer risk, and neurological problems such as cognitive decline.

Genetic methylation testing examines multiple genes as a system, rather than focusing only on a single gene (such as MTHFR). This approach reveals how your genes work together, helping to identify specific needs and opportunities for intervention. 

### Maximising the Benefits of Genetic Methylation Testing

Genetic methylation testing provides a comprehensive understanding of how your unique genetic makeup interacts with your lifestyle, allowing you to implement tailored strategies to optimise your health and wellness. By identifying specific genetic variations, you can take actionable steps across various areas of your health:

- __Personalised Nutrition:__ Tailor your diet to focus on nutrients your body processes efficiently. For instance, individuals with certain genetic variants may benefit from active forms of folate or B12. healthily offers consultations with a genetics-trained dietician to developer tailor made meal plans specific to your genotype.
- __Targeted Supplementation:__ Use supplements designed to address inefficiencies in your methylation pathways. For example, certain genetic variations may require specific forms or dosages of vitamins to ensure optimal health. healthily offers personalised supplement prescriptions with a DNA Nutrition Assessment.
- __Mental Clarity:__ Understand how your genes influence neurotransmitter balance and focus on strategies to enhance mood, memory, and cognitive function. Testing provides actionable insights to improve brain health and reduce brain fog.
- __Detoxification:__ Optimise your body’s ability to eliminate toxins by identifying genetic factors that impact detox pathways. This could involve dietary adjustments, lifestyle changes, or targeted supplements to support liver function and overall detox efficiency.
- __Lifestyle Adjustments:__ Gain insights into how factors such as stress, sleep, and toxin exposure affect your methylation cycle. Adjusting these lifestyle elements can improve your overall wellness.
- __Longevity and Disease Prevention:__ Proactively address genetic predispositions to chronic conditions, such as cardiovascular disease or cancer, by implementing measures to support heart health, immune function, and healthy aging.
- __Ongoing Monitoring:__ Health evolves over time, and regular follow-up testing is vital to track and fine-tune your interventions. Whilst genetic methylation testing provides valuable insights into your body’s potential, your genes are only part of the picture — they reveal your blueprint, but not necessarily how your body is functioning in real time.

### Who Should Consider Methylation Testing?

- Individuals looking to enhance their quality of life and overall wellness.
- Those aiming to improve longevity through targeted health interventions.
- People experiencing unexplained symptoms such as fatigue, brain fog, or mood disturbances.
- Anyone with a family history of chronic conditions like cardiovascular disease, cancer, or autoimmune disorders.
- Individuals striving to optimise their health and be the best version of themselves every day.

As the [Genetic Methylation Check](https://www.healthily.co.uk/tests/genetic-methylation-check) is a non-invasive cheek swab test, it is suitable for people of all ages.

### The Bottom Line

Methylation is a cornerstone of health, bridging the gap between genetic potential and day-to-day wellness. By understanding your methylation profile, you can implement targeted interventions to unlock your body's full potential. Ready to take the first step? Discover i-screen’s genetic methylation testing and transform your health today.


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When it comes to optimising your health, understanding the biochemical processes that power your body can be a game-changer. One such process is methylation—a critical function that occurs in every cell of your body. 

How Genetic Methylation Testing Can Enhance your Wellness Journey 

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Our DNA is a fascinating blueprint, holding the instructions that shape everything from the colour of our eyes to how we process nutrients. But how much do you know about the role your genes play in your overall health? Here we’ll explore the basics of genetics, how your DNA influences your well-being, and how understanding your unique genetic code can empower you to make informed lifestyle choices towards a healthier you.

### What are Genes?
Genes are segments of DNA that carry instructions for making proteins, the building blocks of your body. Think of them as the instruction manual for your body’s functions, influencing traits like metabolism, hormone production, and stress response. Everyone inherits two copies of each gene - one from each parent - making your genetic makeup uniquely yours.
Your genes are passed down from your parents, which means you inherit traits (and potential health risks) from your family. For example, you might inherit a predisposition for high cholesterol or an ability to efficiently metabolise certain vitamins. These inherited traits come from combinations of genetic variants, some of which may have protective effects, while others could increase susceptibility to certain conditions. 

![DNA-blog-image](//images.ctfassets.net/vd2mbykddgpu/6Vn9mGcVz5A85UN3KI3xXm/d12216efd829fe3a273693a14c3b7bac/DNA.jpg)

### Your Genes Aren’t Your Destiny
While your genetic code is fixed, its influence isn’t set in stone. Environmental factors like diet, exercise, stress, and sleep can significantly impact how your genes express themselves - a concept known as epigenetics. This means you have the power to make choices that support your genetic strengths and counteract potential weaknesses. Additionally, not all genetic predispositions are "bad" - many inherited traits offer advantages. For instance, certain genetic variants may enhance athletic performance, improve your ability to adapt to stress, or make you more resilient to environmental toxins. 

For instance, studies suggest that living a __healthy lifestyle can greatly lower the risk of heart disease, even for people with a high genetic risk__. For example, those with the highest genetic risk who followed at least three healthy lifestyle habits reduced their risk of heart disease by about 46% compared to those with unhealthy habits1. However, this doesn’t mean all genetic risks can be reduced equally, as the effects depend on the specific genes and lifestyle factors involved.

### Understanding Genetic Variants
Genetic labels like A, G, C, and T represent the four building blocks of DNA: adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T). These molecules are called nucleotides, and they pair up in specific ways to form the rungs of the DNA "ladder", where A pairs with T, and C pairs with G.

The sequence of these nucleotides in your DNA determines the instructions your body follows to build proteins that perform countless biological processes. When you receive genetic test results, you might see combinations like AA, AG, or GG. These refer to the two copies of a gene you inherit - one from each parent. These two-letter labels indicate which versions of a gene you have at a specific location in your DNA, known as a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). These small variations are incredibly common - about 10 million SNPs are estimated to exist in the human genome. 

The vast majority of SNPs occur in non-coding regions of DNA - areas that do not directly influence the production of proteins. These are often considered "neutral" variations, with no measurable impact on health or function. However, when SNPs occur in coding regions (genes) or regulatory areas, they can influence how genes are expressed or how proteins function.

When interpreting genetic results, you may come across terms like wild-type, heterozygous, and homozygous:
- __Wild-Type (i.e. AA):__ This is the "normal" or most common version of a gene in a population. It often indicates typical function with no known alterations in the gene sequence that affect health or biological processes.
- __Heterozygous (i.e. AG):__ You have one normal copy and one mutated (variant) copy of a gene. Depending on the gene, this might result in partial changes to its function. For example, you may still produce a functional protein, but at a reduced level or with altered activity.
- __Homozygous (i.e. GG):__ You have two mutated copies of the gene, which can amplify the effect of the variant. This may significantly impact how the gene - and the protein it produces - functions. In many cases, homozygosity can result in more pronounced traits or risks compared to heterozygosity.

As an example, for genetic mutations linked to lactose tolerance, being heterozygous might mean you can digest small amounts of lactose, while being homozygous might result in complete intolerance due to reduced function of the enzyme produced. 

### Why Your DNA Matters
Understanding your genetic predispositions gives you a powerful tool for tailoring your diet and lifestyle, as well preventative care strategies. Armed with this information, you can make choices that align with your genetic strengths, mitigate potential weaknesses, and pave the way for a healthier, more vibrant life. For example, studies have shown that individuals who tailor their diets based on genetic testing lose __33% more weight on average__ than those following a standard diet plan.

Your genes are the starting point for your health journey - not the destination. Understanding the genetic "hand" you've been dealt empowers you to make informed decisions about your health and turn potential risks into opportunities for proactive management. Explore how understanding your DNA can empower you to make smarter, more personalised choices for a healthier, happier life with our [myDNA Comprehensive Health Report](https://www.healthily.co.uk/tests/mydna-comprehensive-health-report).

couple-walking-outdoors-banner-healthily

Find out how to unlock the secrets of your DNA. Discover how genes shape your health and make informed choices for a healthier you.

Unlocking the Power of Your DNA: Understanding Genetic Variants

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## Taking Care of Your Vaginal Health: Optimising the Vaginal Microbiome

Vaginal dysbiosis, or an imbalance in the vaginal microbiome, can lead to a variety of uncomfortable symptoms and health issues for women. Fortunately, there are several effective strategies for managing vaginal dysbiosis and promoting optimal vaginal health.

### Screening and Diagnosis
It is important for healthcare providers to screen for vaginal dysbiosis in women who are symptomatic or at high risk, such as those who are pregnant or have a history of sexually transmitted infections. Diagnosis is typically made through clinical evaluation and laboratory testing, such as vaginal pH and microscopic examination of vaginal fluid.

### Treatment Options
Treatment for vaginal dysbiosis depends on the specific condition present. For bacterial vaginosis, the most common vaginal infection, antibiotics such as metronidazole may be prescribed. For vulvovaginal candidiasis, antifungal medication such as fluconazole or topical agents may be recommended. However, it is important to note that antibiotic and antifungal medications can disrupt the vaginal microbiome and may not be effective for all women.

There are several non-pharmacologic treatment options that may be appropriate be used alone or in conjunction with medications. These include:

__Probiotics__ - Probiotics are beneficial bacteria that can help to restore the vaginal microbiome. Specifically, lactobacillus strains such as Lactobacillus crispatus and Lactobacillus jensenii have been shown to be particularly effective. Probiotics can be taken orally or used topically in the form of suppositories or vaginal capsules. Of course, probiotic foods are also important - we'll discuss this further below.

__Prebiotics__ - Prebiotics are non-digestible food ingredients that promote the growth of beneficial bacteria in the gut and vagina. Examples include inulin, fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS), and galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS). 

__Lifestyle modifications__ - Certain lifestyle factors can improve vaginal health. These include maintaining good hygiene practices, avoiding douching, using non-irritating hygiene products, wearing breathable underwear and avoiding tight-fitting clothing, and engaging in safe sex practices.

### A nutritionist perspective
While a nutritionist may not be the primary healthcare provider for treating dysbiosis of the vaginal microbiome, they can provide recommendations for a healthy diet that can support the growth of beneficial bacteria in the vagina. Some dietary factors that may impact the vaginal microbiome include:

__Probiotic-rich foods__ - Consuming foods that are rich in probiotics can help improve the balance of bacteria in the vagina. Examples of probiotic-rich foods include long-fermented sourdough bread, brine cured olives, yoghurt, kefir, pickles, kimchi, sauerkraut, tempeh, natto and miso.

__Fibre-rich foods__ - A diet high in fibre can help promote the growth of beneficial bacteria in the gut, which in turn may positively impact the vaginal microbiome. Examples of fibre-rich foods include whole grains, fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds and legumes. If you find you respond negatively to high fibre foods, this may indicate a gut microbiome imbalance such as bifidobacterium deficiency - in this case, you may wnat to try supplementing with a broad spectrum probiotic and a digestive enzyme containing cellulase for 2 weeks - then reintroduce high fibre foods. You may also wish to consider testing your gut [microbiome](https://www.healthily.co.uk/tests/microbiome-test).

__Avoiding processed foods__ - Processed foods, which are often high in sugar and refined carbohydrates, can disrupt the balance of bacteria in the gut and potentially impact the vaginal microbiome. For example: Candida, a yeast present in the vaginal canal, thrives on a high carb/sugar diet. Candida causes minimal issues when in lower numbers, however when overgrown, candida may cause vaginal thrush, jock itch and may heighten sensitivity to creams, soaps, perfumes and synthetic fibres. 

__Adequate hydration__ - Drinking plenty of water and other hydrating fluids can help flush out harmful bacteria and promote the growth of beneficial bacteria in the vagina. This also helps to promote healthy bladder function and help prevent cystitis. Don't forget your hydrating foods also such as cucumber, watermelon, celery, apples, iceberg lettuce - whilst these are your super-hydrators, all fruits and veggies improve hydration unless they have been roasted or dehydrated (which removes the water from them). 

It is important to note that while dietary changes can have a positive impact on the vaginal microbiome, they should not replace medical treatment.

### Conclusion
Vaginal dysbiosis can cause significant discomfort and can increase the risk of other health issues for women. However, with proper screening, diagnosis, and management, most women can achieve optimal vaginal health. By incorporating both pharmacologic and natural treatment options, healthcare providers can offer women a comprehensive approach to managing vaginal dysbiosis. Remember, it is important to consult with a healthcare provider before starting any treatment regimen.

Take control of your vaginal health with healthily's simple [Vaginal Microbiome](https://www.healthily.co.uk/tests/vaginal-microbiome-test) Check.

Learn how to optimise your vaginal microbiome for better health. Tips for maintaining pH, avoiding irritants, and promoting healthy bacteria.

Taking Care of Your Vaginal Health: Optimising the Vaginal Microbiome

Inflammation Check banner

### The Mysterious World of the Vaginal Microbiome

The human body is a complex ecosystem of microorganisms that interact with each other to maintain our health. The vaginal microbiome is one such ecosystem that plays a crucial role in maintaining women's reproductive health. The vaginal microbiome consists of a diverse range of bacteria, fungi, and viruses that interact with each other to maintain a delicate balance, protecting against infections and promoting fertility.

An imbalance in the vaginal microbiome can lead to various health issues, including bacterial vaginosis (BV), urinary tract infections (UTIs), and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). These conditions can have a significant impact on a woman's quality of life and overall health. Fortunately, advances in medical technology have led to the development of new diagnostic tools that can help identify and manage these conditions more effectively.

One such diagnostic tool is vaginal microbiome testing. This technology uses next-generation sequencing techniques to identify and quantify the various microorganisms present in the vaginal microbiome. This provides health professionals with a more comprehensive understanding of the vaginal ecosystem and can help diagnose and manage various women's health conditions.

Here are some ways in which vaginal microbiome testing can be clinically useful:

### Diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis (BV)
BV is a common vaginal infection characterised by an overgrowth of anaerobic bacteria and a decrease in the number of lactobacilli, the bacteria that help maintain a healthy vaginal environment. BV can lead to a range of symptoms, including vaginal discharge, itching, and odour. Vaginal microbiome testing can help identify the specific microorganisms responsible for BV, which can aid in the accurate diagnosis and treatment of the infection.

### Prediction of preterm birth
The vaginal microbiome plays a crucial role in maintaining a healthy pregnancy, and alterations in its composition have been associated with preterm birth. Vaginal microbiome testing in the second trimester of pregnancy can help predict the risk of preterm birth, enabling health professionals to implement preventive measures and improve pregnancy outcomes.

### Diagnosis and management of recurrent UTIs
Recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a common problem in women, and their treatment remains a challenge for health professionals. The vaginal microbiome plays a crucial role in protecting against UTIs, and an imbalance in its composition can lead to an increased risk of UTIs. Vaginal microbiome testing can help identify the specific microorganisms responsible for recurrent UTIs, which can aid in the development of targeted treatment strategies.

Overall, vaginal microbiome testing is a promising diagnostic tool that can provide health professionals with a more comprehensive understanding of the vaginal ecosystem. Its usefullness has been demonstrated in the diagnosis and management of various women's health conditions, including bacterial vaginosis, preterm birth, and recurrent UTIs. Further research is needed to determine the optimal use of vaginal microbiome testing in clinical practice and its potential to improve women's health outcomes.

Advances in medical technology have enabled health professionals to gain a better understanding of the human microbiome, including the vaginal microbiome. Vaginal microbiome testing is one such technology that can provide valuable insights into the vaginal ecosystem, aiding in the diagnosis and management of various gynecological conditions. As research continues to shed light on the intricacies of the vaginal microbiome, we can expect further advancements in this field that will help improve women's reproductive health and quality of life.

Take care of your vaginal health with healthily's simple [Vaginal Microbiome Check](https://www.healthily.co.uk/tests/vaginal-microbiome-test).

Women's health is influenced by the complex ecosystem of the vaginal microbiome. Testing this ecosystem can help diagnose and manage conditions like bacterial vaginosis and recurrent UTIs, improving women's health outcomes.

Exploring the Hidden World of the Vaginal Microbiome

woman-happy-outside

## The Menstrual Cycle and Mood: Understanding the Phases and Potential Impact on Women's Health

The menstrual cycle is a regular process that occurs in women of reproductive age. It involves the release of an egg from the ovary, preparation of the uterus for pregnancy, and shedding of the uterus lining if pregnancy does not occur. But did you know that the menstrual cycle can also affect a woman's mood? Let's take a closer look at the different phases of the menstrual cycle and their potential impact on mood.

### Phase 1: Menstruation
The menstrual cycle begins with menstruation, which is the shedding of the uterus lining. This phase typically lasts between three to seven days and is marked by a drop in levels of oestrogen and progesterone, which can lead to mood changes such as irritability, fatigue, and sadness. Some women may also experience physical symptoms such as cramps and bloating, which can further affect their mood.

### Phase 2: Follicular Phase
After menstruation, the follicular phase begins. This phase typically lasts between seven to 14 days and is marked by rising levels of oestrogen, which can lead to feelings of energy and positivity. This is also the phase when the follicle in the ovary develops and prepares to release an egg. However, some women may experience mood swings or anxiety during this phase, which may be due to fluctuations in oestrogen levels.

### Phase 3: Ovulation
Ovulation occurs when the mature follicle releases an egg. This phase typically lasts for one to two days and is marked by a surge in luteinising hormone (LH) and rising levels of oestrogen, which can lead to increased sexual desire and confidence. Some women may also experience mood swings or anxiety during this phase, which may be due to hormonal changes.

### Phase 4: Luteal Phase
After ovulation, the luteal phase begins. This phase typically lasts between 10 to 14 days and is marked by the release of progesterone, which can lead to feelings of relaxation and calmness. Progesterone also helps prepare the uterus for pregnancy. However, some women may experience premenstrual syndrome (PMS) symptoms during this phase, such as irritability, anxiety, and depression. These symptoms may be due to the hormonal changes that occur during the luteal phase.

Understanding the menstrual cycle and its potential impact on mood is important for women's health and well-being. If you have questions or concerns about your menstrual cycle or mood, talk to your healthcare provider. They can provide guidance and support to help you manage any symptoms or concerns.

In addition to testing, there are also some self-care strategies that may help manage mood changes during the menstrual cycle. These include:

- Getting regular exercise, which can help boost mood and energy levels.
- Eating a balanced and healthy diet, which can help regulate hormones and manage physical symptoms.
- Practicing relaxation techniques such as meditation, yoga, or deep breathing, which can help reduce stress and anxiety.
- Getting enough sleep, which is important for overall health and well-being.

The menstrual cycle can have a significant impact on a woman's mood, with different phases potentially leading to different mood changes. By understanding the menstrual cycle and its potential effects on mood, women can better manage their health and well-being throughout the month.

Understand your hormones with healthily's simple [Female Hormone Check](https://www.healthily.co.uk/tests/progesterone-test).

The menstrual cycle is a complex physiological process that occurs in women of reproductive age, and it is regulated by hormonal changes. It involves several phases, each with distinct hormonal changes and impacts on mood, fertility, and overall health.

The Menstrual Cycle and Mood: Understanding the Phases and Potential Impact on Women's Health

## Hormone Testing vs. Saliva Hormone Testing vs. DUTCH (Dried Urine) – which option to choose? 

Menopause is marked by hormonal changes that can lead to various symptoms and health implications. Several types of hormone testing are available to evaluate these changes, with serum (blood), saliva, and DUTCH testing being the most commonly considered. Each method has its own advantages and limitations, and the right choice depends on the context and goals of testing.

### Serum Hormone Testing:

Serum hormone testing involves analysing hormone levels in blood samples. It is commonly used in clinical settings for diagnosing menopause and assessing hormone levels. Benefits of serum hormone testing include:

1. Widespread Clinical Use: Serum hormone testing is a widely accepted and established method employed in UK medical practices, making it readily accessible and familiar to healthcare professionals.

2. Comprehensive Hormone Assessment: Blood samples offer a comprehensive analysis of multiple hormones, including the regulatory hormones follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinising hormone (LH). Rising FSH levels are often one of the first indicators of approaching menopause or diminishing ovarian reserve, and thus together with oestradiol and progesterone, provide a comprehensive picture of hormonal changes associated with menopause. LH and FSH levels cannot be tested via saliva or DUTCH. 

3. Established Reference Ranges: Serum hormone testing has established reference ranges, making it easier to interpret results and identify deviations from normal levels.

### Saliva Hormone Testing:

Saliva hormone testing involves measuring hormone levels in saliva samples. Although less commonly used in clinical settings, saliva testing offers specific advantages:

1. Non-Invasive and Easy Sampling: Saliva collection is non-invasive and can be done at home, which increases convenience for patients. It eliminates the need for a blood draw, making it appealing to individuals uncomfortable with needles.

2. Reflects Active Hormone Levels: Saliva hormone testing measures the levels of unbound, biologically active hormones. This can have advantages as it provides insights into the hormones readily available for physiological functions and hormone-related symptoms even when total levels appear normal.

3. Hormonal Balance Evaluation: Saliva testing allows for assessment of the balance between hormones, such as the ratio of oestradiol to progesterone. For patients on bioidentical hormone therapy, especially creams or gels, saliva testing may be better suited to assess the actual absorbed (active) hormone levels. This can provide additional insights into hormonal imbalances contributing to menopausal symptoms. 

### DUTCH Testing (Dried Urine Test for Comprehensive Hormones):

DUTCH testing is an advanced hormone test that analyses dried urine samples over 24 hours to assess sex and adrenal hormones, including their metabolites. It combines many of the benefits of both serum and saliva testing, with added insights. Key benefits of DUTCH testing:

1. Comprehensive Hormone and Metabolite Analysis: DUTCH provides a detailed profile of oestrogen, progesterone, testosterone, DHEA, and cortisol—plus their metabolites. This reveals how hormones are processed and eliminated, not just how much is present.

2. Adrenal and Circadian Rhythm Insights: By measuring cortisol and cortisone throughout the day, DUTCH gives a clearer picture of adrenal health and stress response—something neither blood nor saliva alone can fully capture.

3. Convenient and Non-Invasive: Like saliva testing, it is done at home and requires no blood draw, making it user-friendly.

4. Best for Complex Symptom Cases: DUTCH is particularly helpful for women experiencing complex or persistent symptoms (e.g. fatigue, mood swings, sleep issues, irregular periods) when standard testing doesn’t offer clear answers.

### Which method is right for me?

Serum hormone testing is best for diagnosing menopause or assessing fertility status, particularly when FSH, LH, or a broader health workup is needed. It’s the gold standard in conventional medical settings. If you are experiencing symptoms such as irregular periods, weight gain, skin changes, mood swings, hot flushes, anxiety, fatigue, or even symptoms like brain fog or low libido, it may be time to check your hormones. i-screen’s [Female Hormone Check](https://www.i-screen.com.au/tests/progesterone-test) focuses on key sex hormones and is suitable if you want to assess ovulation, cycle timing, or confirm menopause. 

For a more comprehensive picture—especially if you're over 35 or experiencing symptoms that could also be linked to thyroid, adrenal, or metabolic imbalances — the [Hormone Imbalance Check (female)](https://www.i-screen.com.au/tests/hormone-imbalance-test) is recommended. This panel includes sex hormones as well as cortisol, DHEA-S, thyroid function, insulin, and IGF-1, offering broader insight into what may be driving hormonal symptoms. Note these tests are not appropriate if you are taking oral contraceptives.

Saliva hormone testing can be useful for symptom-based monitoring, especially in patients using topical hormone therapy or those wanting to explore bioavailable hormones. If you are experiencing mood swings, sleep disturbances, or low libido but blood tests have not indicated an imbalance, then i-screen’s [Female Hormone Check (saliva)](https://www.i-screen.com.au/tests/saliva-hormone-test) or [Female Hormone 28 Day Check (saliva)](https://www.i-screen.com.au/tests/28day-saliva-hormone-test) may provide a more helpful view of hormone balance at either a point in time or across a 28 day period respectively.

DUTCH testing is ideal for a deeper investigation of hormonal imbalances, particularly in perimenopause or when adrenal health is also in question. It provides the most complete picture but is typically used in functional or integrative health settings. DUTCH is particularly useful when symptoms like fatigue, anxiety, brain fog, or persistent hormonal imbalance are present despite normal blood test results. i-screen's [Advanced DUTCH Check](https://www.i-screen.com.au/tests/dutch-advanced-test)

When a woman suspects she may be in perimenopause, it is important to have a comprehensive medical evaluation. Diagnosis often comes from a combination of menstrual history, symptoms, and physical changes, not hormone levels alone. Hormone testing can support the picture—but no test should be used in isolation to diagnose perimenopause.


middle-aged-woman-hugging-her-scarf-i-screen

Three commonly used methods for hormone testing in menopause are serum hormone testing and saliva hormone testing - which option is best?

Hormone Testing vs. Saliva Hormone Testing vs. DUTCH Testing – which option to choose? 

covid blog banner

### COVID-19 tests for travel

With travel now possible, many are hoping to enjoy holidays once again. Some countries are asking for COVID-19 negative test results as proof for entry. We are offering COVID-19 testing for those going on holidays, business travel or if you like to know whether you have the infection.

These tests are done via Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) which is the current gold standard method for detecting the virus (SARS-CoV-2) that causes COVID-19.

We have the [nasal/throat swab test](https://www.healthily.co.uk/tests/covid-swab-test) available which can be sent directly to your home or office. 
You will not need to have contact with anyone else while you perform the test.  The test can then be returned directly to the laboratory.

For the [nasal/throat swab](https://www.healthily.co.uk/tests/covid-swab-test) you will need to take a swab from your nose or throat as per instructions sent. 

The laboratories used to analyse the results are all UK accredited.

The tests will not detract from NHS testing.

For any positive result, we are required to notify Public Health England.

An additional [medical certificate](https://www.healthily.co.uk/tests/covid-medical-certificate) for travel can be purchased confirming a negative test if required.

More information about the test and how you can order can be found in the links below:

- [Nasal/throat swab test](https://www.healthily.co.uk/tests/covid-swab-test)

covid blog feature

With travel now possible, many are hoping to enjoy holidays once again. Some countries are asking for COVID-19 negative test results as proof for entry.

COVID-19 tests for travel

Forgotten organ banner

### Gut feeling

It is said that the lines on your face tell the stories of where you've been, but the microbes in your gut may paint a more visceral picture. Since the day you were born, an entire ecosystem of microorganisms has been colonising your gut - it's purpose to not only optimise its productivity, but also regulate your mood, your weight and even your immune system. While trillions of bacteria living inside you may sound like the stuff of nightmares, this "microbiome" is essential to survival. Dubbed by scientists as the 'forgotten organ', the secrets of the microbiome are captivating the medical community and data scientists around the world.

So, here's what you need to know about your microbiome:

### 1. Your gut contains 2kg of microorganisms!
Your gut contains trillions of microbes - mostly bacteria, but also viruses, fungi and other critters you may never have heard of. The make-up of your gut flora is as unique to you as your fingerprint with each of us harbouring hundreds of species of different microbes. One third of your microbiome is common to most people, whilst the rest is specific to you based on your age, diet, lifestyle and environment.

### 2. Helping you get the most out of your food
Let's face it bacteria have a bad reputation, but not all bacteria are pathogenic. A host of good bacteria and other microorganisms carry out important nutritional work that your body can't do itself - like extracting nutrients from food, processing fibre, and making essential vitamins. In fact there's growing evidence that conditions like obesity and diabetes may have roots in our gut flora.

### 3. Keeping out toxins
Your gut is lined with a layer of mucous which protects you from invasion by microbes and toxins. When good bacteria break down fibre, they produce special chemicals which help to maintain the integrity of the gut lining. A breach in this gut barrier function may contribute to numerous conditions such as Parkinsons, autism and even obesity.

### 4. Keeping unwelcome microbes in check
A thriving population of good bacteria help keep pathogenic microbes and fungi at bay by competing for nutrients and places to colonise. Unfortunately a dose of antibiotics indiscriminately kills off the good as well as bad bacteria, disrupting the balance of the microbiome, and leaving the door open for bacterial and yeast overgrowth. 

### 5. Your gut controls your mood
Your gut has its own nervous system and actually contains more neurotransmitters than the brain! The gut produces about half of your body's calming hormone dopamine, and around 95% of the mood hormone serotonin. Your microbiome has a profound effect on the way your mind works, and low levels of certain types of gut bacteria have been linked to depression and anxiety.

### 6. Ironically your gut bacteria provide immunity 
The gut wall contains 70% of the cells that make up the immune system! Suddenly it's not such a leap to see that autoimmune diseases such as thyroid disease and allergies could be related to your gut health. By communicating with immune cells, the gut microbiome can control how your body responds to inflammation and infection.

### 7. Your Mum's bacteria are with you for life
When babies are born, their guts get their first dose of bacteria as they pass through the birth canal, and subsequently from the mother's breast milk. Your gut microbiome is established by the time you're 3 years old - and whilst you're born 100% human, you will be 90% microbial by the time you die!

### 8. Diversity is a key strategy in preventing disease
A balanced microbiome is important for good health, and studies have shown that healthy people have more microbial diversity in their guts. Sadly the modern diet, as well as widespread use of antibiotics and emulsifiers used in food manufacturing have reduced the diversity of our microbiomes. Dysbiosis (an unhealthy imbalance in the gut microbiome) affects not only bowel function, but can also lead to inflammatory and autoimmune conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, chronic fatigue and even mental health problems. 

### 9.You can't fix your gut flora with a probiotic 
The microbiome is a feat of ecological engineering, and use of probiotics has been likened to trying to restore a rainforest with a packet of grass seed... The microbiome can be disrupted by a number of lifestyle and environmental factors including medications and antibiotics, chronic constipation, stress and diet. Somewhat anticlimactically, the best way to maintain a healthy microbiome is through positive lifestyle changes like fixing your diet (fibre, fibre, fibre), getting more exercise and reducing your stress levels.

Perhaps more interesting is the growing popularity of the "faecal transplant" - this fascinating procedure involves transferring faeces from one person's intestines into another's. Though unsavoury, faecal transplants may be successful in curing stubborn infections of particularly nasty bacteria, and in treating inflammatory bowel diseases such as Crohn's. Stool banks that screen and collect faecal donations are now popping around the globe. 

### 10. Optimising your microbiome is a key strategy in preventing disease 
As you read this, many of the bacteria in your gut are working overtime to keep your body in good shape. Every day our labs analyse the microbiomes of hundreds of individuals, looking for evidence of an imbalance or dysbiosis of the gut flora. These unique insights are used by nutritionists and integrative health professionals to inform the development of personalised diet and lifestyle plans to help you improve and diversify your microbiome. 

### Microbiome Check

healthily's [Microbiome Check](https://www.healthily.co.uk/tests/microbiome-test) is a home stool test kit that provides unique insights into your gut flora. The [Microbiome Check](https://www.healthily.co.uk/tests/microbiome-test) will reveal if you have overgrowths of unhelpful or pathogenic bacteria, or deficiencies in important beneficial bacteria. This comprehensive digestive screen will also look for evidence of any parasites or yeasts that may be irritating your gut. healthily's in-house medical and nutritional professionals will explain what your results mean, and provide recommendations to help you get your health back on track - it's all part of the service.

Unlock the secrets of your microbiome, and take a more progressive approach - transform your health and optimise your wellbeing from the inside out. 


### Meet Dr Michael Webberley (MBChB MD FRCP)

Dr Webberley is a gastroenterologist who spent 10 years as Lead Gastroenterologist and Clinical Director with the National Health Service in the UK. Mike is passionate about preventive health, combining insights from both traditional and integrative medicine to provide more a holistic patient experience.

Dr Webberley has developed a series of gut health checks designed to help you unpack your mystery gut, and provide you with key insights to help you restore and optimise your health. Refer to our gut health [blog](https://www.healthily.co.uk/blog/gut-health) for more information.

### Meet Jennifer May (Adv.Dip. NutMed, ATMS)

Nutritional medicine is the study of the relationship between food and a healthy body. It involves analysing how nutrients are processed, stored and discarded by your body, and explores how what you eat affects your overall well-being. Jennifer, consults on a variety of health issues including hormonal, digestive, cardiovascular, immune, and blood glucose related conditions. Her key interest is helping people recover from stress, food intolerance and chronic illness. Find out more about Jennifer's work in her [blog](https://www.healthily.co.uk/blog/clinical-nutrition).

### Want to know more?

[Reach out](https://www.healthily.co.uk/app/contact) to the team for more information about our wide range of gut health checks.

Forgotten_organ_blog_feature

An entire ecosystem of microorganisms lives in your gut - it's purpose not only to optimise its productivity, but also regulate your mood, your weight and even your immune system. This "microbiome" is essential to survival. 

The forgotten organ - the thriving population that lives in your gut

Vitamin D Blog banner

Winter is well upon us down under. When the cold and grey weather settles in, summer can feel like a distant memory and our moods can feel like they're riding a rollercoaster. 

For some, SAD (which has been on a hiatus in the warmer months) can throw itself back into our lives. SAD is the acronym for Seasonal Affective Disorder, a form of depression that usually begins in autumn and continues through the winter months. It is believed to affect up to 10% of the population. Symptoms include feeling sad or anxious, fatigue, concentration problems, irritability and feelings of guilt and hopelessness.

### The role of sunlight
Although the exact cause of SAD isn't clear, a number of studies suggest it may be triggered by lack of sunlight. One hypothesis is that reduced sunlight exposure interferes with the body's biological clock that regulates mood, sleep and hormones. A perhaps more compelling theory is the fluctuation in vitamin D levels with the changing seasons in response to the amount of sunlight. The sun plays a vital role in helping the body to absorb vitamin D. 

"*Vitamin D is activated through a reaction between UV rays and cholesterol in the skin,*" explains healthily's Nutritionist and Lifstyle Medicine Practitioner [Jennifer May](https://www.healthily.co.uk/blog/clinical-nutrition), "*levels are typically at their peak during summer months, and drop off during winter which is when people are typically most at risk for a deficiency.*"

### Why is Vitamin D important?
"*Vitamin D regulates the immune system, helps with optimising cell differentiation (which is important for cancer prevention), helps the intestines absorb calcium and magnesium for strong muscles and bones, and helps to regulate mood through production of the neurotransmitters dopamine and serotonin.*" explains Jennifer, "*A lesser known fact is that Vitamin D is actually a steroid hormone that plays a key part in regulating sex hormones for optimum fertility and virility.*" 

### Am I at risk of deficiency?
You may be at a greater risk of vitamin D deficiency if you stay mostly indoors for health, work or other reasons, have naturally dark skin, or avoid the sun for skin protection or due to medical reasons. Where you live is also a factor - our Tasmanian Medical Laboratory reports that 60% of Tasmanians present with a vitamin D deficiency at the end of winter.

### Combating SAD - the Winter Blues
Here's what Jennifer has to say about boosting those vitamin D levels:
- Increase your exposure to sunlight, but be sure to follow safe sun guidelines - speak to your GP if you're not sure what's safe for you. Even if it doesn't look that sunny outside you can still get valuable Vitamin D, so do what you can to spend as much time outside and keep up regular exercise. 
- Top up your vitamin D levels through dietary sources during winter - vitamin D rich foods include dairy products (particularly cheese), egg yolks, and oily fish such as tuna, mackerel and salmon. Many of us actually start to crave more of these foods during these colder months.
- Consider a vitamin D supplement - talk to your GP or pharmacist about which supplement may be right for you.

Concerned you may have a vitamin D deficiency? Finding out is easy with a simple blood test - see healthily's [Vitamin D Check](https://www.healthily.co.uk/tests/vitamin-d-test) for more details.

Winter, SAD or whatever the reason - if you need help or know someone else who may, you can find the support needed at one of many helplines listed on [Beyond Blue](https://www.beyondblue.org.au/get-support/national-help-lines-and-websites). 

Adapted from a post originally published in May 2017 as 'Cracking the SADs' 

Beat_the_blues_blog_feature

Winter is well upon us down under. When the cold and grey weather settles in, summer can feel like a distant memory and our moods can feel like they're riding a rollercoaster. 

Cranking your Vitamin D levels can help beat the Winter Blues

Get Health Blog Banner

### What is Irritable Bowel Syndrome?

There are medical explanations and labels for many gut problems, but the big exception is Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). IBS is typically diagnosed when all the standard tests come back negative. IBS is a 'syndrome' rather than a 'disease', meaning it's a collection of symptoms that often go hand-in-hand, but which frustratingly aren't actually attributable to a specific disease.

IBS affects more than 20% of individuals with a long list of awkward symptoms that include abdominal pain, cramping or discomfort, bloating, diarrhoea and/ or constipation, mucus, excess wind, and indigestion. Only recently have we begun to decode the mysteries of IBS. Whilst we don't yet know exactly what causes it, a number of underlying factors have been put forward, which range from genetics, the immune system, infections and the microbiome, to diet, stress and even mental health.

### Meet Dr Michael Webberley (MBChB MD FRCP)

![Dr Michael Webberley](//images.contentful.com/vd2mbykddgpu/1MKmESTwW8Wq8SOwM64oW2/eceb09f0b0ced9ef720c4c960f45f37f/Dr_Michael_Webberley.jpg)
Dr Webberley is a gastroenterologist who spent 10 years as Lead Gastroenterologist and Clinical Director with the National Health Service in the UK. Mike is passionate about preventive health, combining insights from both traditional and integrative medicine to provide more a holistic patient experience.

Dr Webberley has developed a range of health checks designed to help you unpack your mystery gut, and provide you with key insights to help you restore and optimise your health.

### Gut Health Check

Since many gut disorders have similar symptoms to IBS, ruling out a more serious underlying gut disease is an important first step in troubleshooting the irritable bowel. This comprehensive panel of tests screens for all the usual suspects to help rule out an underlying gut disease. This combination of stool tests and blood tests screens for nutrient malabsorption, parasites, coeliac disease, bowel cancer, pancreatic function, inflammation, metabolic function, and also includes a full blood count to check for signs of anaemia or recent infection. If you're suffering from symptoms of IBS and are not sure where to start - the Gut Health Check is for you.

### Coeliac Check

Coeliac disease is an autoimmune disorder where exposure to gluten triggers a severe immune response that causes inflammation of the lining of the small intestine, and can cause severe digestive problems. It affects 1 in 70 Brits who are mostly diagnosed in adulthood. This [Coeliac Check](https://www.healthily.co.uk/tests/coeliac-test) blood test screens for antibodies to tissue transglutaminase and gliadin. If you have a family history of autoimmune disease such as thyroid disease, diabetes or rheumatoid arthritis, then you should consider screening for coeliac disease.

### Parasite PCR Check

Some gut problems can be a consequence of an undetected gut infection. Research indicates that a significant number of irritable bowel syndrome cases could actually be due to undiagnosed gut pathogens such as Blastocystis hominis and Dientamoeba fragilis. This [Parasite PCR Check](https://www.healthily.co.uk/tests/parasite-test) stool test uses cutting edge multiplex PCR technology to look for the genetic fingerprint of a wide range of gut pathogens. Gut parasite infections are surprisingly common, and have been found to aggravate and even trigger Hashimoto's thyroiditis (a thyroid autoimmune condition).

### FODMAP Check

FODMAPs are naturally occurring sugars found in milk and dairy products, fruits and vegetables, cereals and processed foods. These dietary sugars are poorly absorbed in the gut and in some people can cause symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome. FODMAP breath tests, which you can do in the comfort of your own home, uses innovative technology to diagnose FODMAP malabsorption, the most common of which is lactose intolerance.

### SIBO Check

If the small intestine becomes overgrown with bacteria it can lead to malabsorption of key nutrients and symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome. This type of bacterial overgrowth is a known complication of medicines used to treat gastric reflux. SIBO (small intestine bacterial overgrowth) is also thought to be a possible factor in some cases of fibromyalgia and chronic fatigue syndrome. Breath tests are considered first line interventions in the diagnostic workup of IBS symptoms and are recommended before changing your diet which can have adverse effects on gut microflora.

### Helicobacter Pylori Check

H. pylori is a bacteria that infects the stomach, and is now known to be a major cause of peptic ulcer disease. One third of Australians are believed to carry the bug, but many don't realise they have it. H. pylori can damage the stomach's lining making it more vulnerable to stomach acid, and those infected are more likely to develop stomach inflammation and more serious conditions such as peptic ulcers and even stomach cancer. Unlike a blood test, this [Helicobacter Pylori Check](https://healthily.co.uk/tests/helicobacter-pylori-breath-test) breath test can tell you if you have an active h.pylori infection.

### Microbiome Check

The gut microbiome refers to the array of microorganisms that live in your gut (over 2kg of  microorganisms in fact!). While bacteria in your gut may sound like a bad thing, they are mostly beneficial and essential for good health. The microbiome is influenced by diet, environment, exposure to antibiotics and chemicals, as well as infections. Dysbiosis is a condition where there's an unhealthy imbalance in the microbiome. This [Microbiome Check](https://www.healthily.co.uk/tests/microbiome-test) digestive stool analysis measures and quantifies the bacteria and fungi in your gut, and shows you if you have an undergrowth or overgrowth in specific categories of gut microbe.

### Leaky Gut Check

The lining of the intestine and gut microbiome make the gut highly selective in absorbing specific nutrients. This lining also provides a very tight defensive system that blocks unwanted materials from being absorbed. When this gut lining is compromised, unwanted substances can cross the barrier and activate an immune response. Blood tests which check for levels of zonulin, a protein that regulates the traffic of particles through the gut lining. When the body produces too much zonulin, in a condition known as 'leaky gut' or 'intestinal permeability', it lets foreign particles get from the gut into the bloodstream.

### Meet Jennifer May (Adv.Dip. NutMed, ATMS)

Nutritional medicine is the study of the relationship between food and a healthy body. It involves analysing how nutrients are processed, stored and discarded by your body, and explores how what you eat affects your overall well-being. If you're serious about changing your lifestyle to improve your health, consider a teleconsult with our nutritionist Jennifer May. Jennifer, consults on a variety of health issues including hormonal, digestive, cardiovascular, immune, and blood glucose related conditions. Her key interest is helping people recover from stress, food intolerance and chronic illness. Find out more about Jennifer's work in her [blog](https://www.healthily.co.uk/blog/clinical-nutrition).

### Want to know more?

[Reach out](https://www.healthily.co.uk/app/contact) to the team for for more information about our health checks, or to book a teleconsult with one of our specialists.

Gut Health Blog Feature

IBS affects more than 20% of individuals. Only recently have we begun to decode the mysteries of IBS with underlying factors ranging from genetics, the immune system, infections and the microbiome, to diet, stress and even mental health.

Solve your irritable bowel with healthily's gut health checks

movember

## Manliness and The Manopause – what you need to know about your hormones

As many of us spend Movember horrifying our significant others and entertaining work colleagues with bizarre sprouting of facial hair, one can’t help but question one’s own manliness when a month of abstinence doesn’t yield that much-coveted handlebar mo. 

Movember puts a spotlight on the devastating impacts of cancer but also men’s mental health, a murkier and less well understood subject, particularly when this relates to the taboo subject of hormones. Let's be clear, my mental health has been affected and all I've done is some research - after all, talking about hormones is the realm of women, right?

From the age of 30, a man’s testosterone levels naturally start to decline, but not everyone’s levels decline at the same rate. This is a problem because research shows a link between low testosterone and obesity, increased disease risk and premature death.

So here are 5 things you need to know about your hormones:

### Fact #1 – Andropause is a thing
My wife refused to face the inevitable (albeit distant) threat of menopause calmly, instead suggesting that “manopause” was coming to get me, a prediction based solely on my increased lethargy, mildly comical expanding midriff and curve-less arms, and maybe also due to a lack of lust in bed in the morning. Hormone changes are a natural part of aging. Unlike the more dramatic hormone plunge that occurs in women during menopause, male hormone changes sneak up gradually. Testosterone levels start to drop at age 30 to 40 at a rate of about 1% per year, but if levels decrease faster men can experience andropause.

### Fact #2 – Low T can have devastating side effects
The side effects of low testosterone are not to be taken lightly. Other medical terms include testosterone deficiency syndrome, androgen deficiency of the ageing male and my personal favourite, “late-onset male hypogonadism”. I was called a gonad once - I still remember vividly the recoil I experienced at the term - I can't begin to imagine the damage hypogonad would have inflicted. The health issues associated with low testosterone can be all too familiar:

__Bang to buck__
Low T can leave you crashing in the bedroom department – it can cause a dramatic drop in sexual appetite, and goodbye to those, ahem, spontaneous erections. This can also lead to depression and anxiety as physical intimacy with your partner starts to fizzle.

__Low energy__
General lethargy and fatigue is another common complaint of low testosterone. Even if you somehow managed to get your 8 hours of sleep you can find yourself crashing in the afternoon. Over time life may start to feel a bit less interesting and more like a chore.

__From 6-pack to barrel __
Because testosterone inhibits fat deposits and helps with muscle production, some of the early signs of a "declining androgen state" can be increased belly fat and reduction in muscle mass. Men with low testosterone levels are also more likely to suffer a cardiovascular event and even develop insulin resistance.

__Brain Fog__
Brain fatigue starts with something you can brush off, like forgetting your password which happens to everyone right? But then you may realise you’re actually losing your edge, and that those tasks that you used to smash through start to trip you up. For high achievers, brain fog might be one of the worst side effects of low T and can be a slippery slope to depression.

__Anxiety__
Testosterone has a big role to play in emotional well-being, and anxiety is a common consequence of low T. What’s more, when stress levels rise this can cause a spike in cortisol which if left unmanaged can hurl you unceremoniously into early manopause. This cocktail of unmanaged stress and anxiety combined with the resultant hormone imbalances has serious implication for mental health, until you can’t even make a decision without worrying about its outcome.

### Fact #3 – Oestrogen isn’t just for girls
It’s no secret that testosterone is the holy grail of male hormones, but oestrogen also plays a critical role in male sexual function. Whilst elevated oestrogen certainly does come with a host of health issues (man boobs anyone?) without it your libido can fall through the floor, along with your erectile function and sperm quality. Whilst low T hampers the building of lean muscle mass, low oestrogen can lead to increased body fat and even bone loss – what a delightful combo!

### Fact #4 – If you can measure it you can manage it
The only way to know for sure if you have a hormone imbalance is to measure your hormones. [healthily](https://www.healthily.co.uk) now offers referrals for private blood tests online. Test results come back in your own personal dashboard with defined hormone reference ranges so you can easily see if yours are off track. [healthily](https://www.healthily.co.uk) recommends getting your hormones tested annually so you can check your testosterone levels aren’t dropping faster than the magic 1% each year, and to help you track any improvements or declines in performance.

### Fact #5 - You can fix a hormone imbalance
Before you rush off to your GP to talk about testosterone replacement therapy, take some time to think about how your lifestyle may be affecting your hormones. Hitting the gym, watching your stress levels, fixing your diet, and getting more sleep are all proven ways to help boost testosterone naturally. 

Let's be honest, I look around and tell myself I’m not the only guy with a bulging belly and skinny arms. If my kids weren't so easy to blame for my "decreased sexual activity" I may start to feel like a lousy husband and a less than average man - and that's a well-documented spiral of self-absorbed misery where nobody wins. If I didn't have several legitimate (for now) excuses for some of these common developments for men my age, I know my self-confidence would take a hammering, motivation would follow and probably sleep too - and where would that lead me? Any number of perfectly avoidable hormonal developments could mark my departure from a well-balanced and loved environment to a much lonelier and sinister existence. 

So this Movember, spare a thought for how some less than ideal lifestyle choices may be sabotaging your hormones, and recognise that your path to mental and physical wellbeing may start with a simple [blood test](https://www.healthily.co.uk/tests/male-hormone-test). 


movember_man

As many of us spend Movember horrifying our significant others and entertaining work colleagues with bizarre sprouting of facial hair, one can’t help but question one’s own manliness when a month of abstinence doesn’t yield that much-coveted handlebar mo. 

Manliness and The Manopause – 5 things you need to know about your hormones

Cortisol banner

## Feeling burnt out? it could be adrenal fatigue

We’ve all experienced ‘flow’ – you know that optimal state of awesomeness where you move from task to task nailing everything in your path like you’re Neo from the Matrix, whilst simultaneously busting out a power pose.

During ‘flow’ the brain floods our system with pleasure-inducing, performance-enhancing chemicals which have considerable impact on our creativity. According to Steven Kotler, flow is typically experienced at the “emotional midpoint between boredom and anxiety — the spot where the task is hard enough to stretch us, but not hard enough to make us snap”. 

But what happens when we slip (or triple jump) past this emotional midpoint? Here we discuss the 4 stages of not so awesome hormone imbalances:

### Stage 1 – “In the zone”
When you’re stressed, the ‘fight or flight’ system takes over and the body produces adrenaline. Adrenaline makes your heart pound, your muscles tense, your breathing faster, and can even make you start sweating – useful when you’re running from a rabid animal, but not that great when you’re sitting in an interview. But as many of us have found, when we control these awkward physical responses, we benefit from the plus side of adrenaline and become alert and sharp.

When we’re ‘in the zone’ the body also produces the stress hormone cortisol and the anabolic hormone DHEA. Cortisol works on fat cells and the liver to make glucose available for muscles, whereas DHEA balances out the effects of cortisol by regulating metabolism, boosting the immune system and preventing the build-up of dangerous plaque deposits in our arteries. 

Often people don’t experience any health issues during this early stage, and in fact many of us go in and out of Stage 1 multiple times throughout our careers and lives.

### Stage 2 – “Wired but tired”
Depending on the long-term nature of the stress and how well we handle it, it can take anywhere from half an hour to a couple of days for us to return to our normal resting state. But what happens during long periods of stress, where we’ve been stretched that bit too far for a bit too long?

Persistent adrenaline surges can damage our arteries, up our blood pressure, and increase our risk of heart attack. If that wasn’t bad enough, chronically high cortisol increases our appetite causing sugar cravings and a build-up of fat tissue – this often leads to ‘unexplained weight gain’. High cortisol also messes with our sleep patterns by inhibiting the hormone melatonin. DHEA production starts to drop under long periods of stress which can in turn impact levels of oestrogen, progesterone and testosterone – bye bye libido.

At this point our clients often complain of feeling “wired but tired” as they experience the effects of over-exertion of their adrenals – they’re alert during the day but then crash hard in the evening. Many start to O.D. on caffeine during this stage.

### Stage 3 – “Flat line”
As time passes but the stress doesn’t, DHEA stays low while cortisol levels drop hovering in the low-normal range. Low DHEA continues to take its toll on the sex hormones which can cause PMS, accelerated menopause, andropause (male menopause – yes, it’s a thing) and also thyroid issues. At this point we may still be able to function, hold down a job and continue a pretty normal life, but our clients often complain of tiredness, a lack of enthusiasm, poor immunity and a lower sex drive. This phase might continue for several months or even years and is often accompanied by a dwindling sick leave balance.

### Stage 4 – “Burn out”
When not addressed, finally the body runs out of ways to produce stress hormones, and cortisol levels drop below normal. With the levels of both sex hormones and stress hormones low, our clients often report suffering from extreme tiredness, lack of sex drive, irritability, depression, anxiety, weight loss, apathy and a general disinterest in the world. To recover from this stage can require a total career and lifestyle overhaul, but we cover that in another [blog](https://www.i-screen.com.au/blog/saliva-test-for-adrenal-fatigue "5 ways to restore your adrenal health").

### Adrenal fatigue can creep up on you
As with depression, adrenal fatigue is insidious and due to multiple factors. Stress isn’t just a consequence of how enormous the task we’re faced with may seem, it’s also magnified by how supported we feel in the workplace, what kind of physical shape we’re in, what’s going on at home, how much sleep we’ve had, our emotional state and even what we’ve had for breakfast (shout out to the working mums). For many of us integrity is also an issue – if we’re not getting the support we need to deliver on our commitments, or if we don’t feel in control of our working environment or our personal lives, then this can significantly add to our stress burden. Rather than tackling the problem, all too often we tell ourselves we’re just ‘having a bad day’ - we self-talk ourselves into ‘pushing through’ in the hope that things will be better tomorrow. And sometimes they are, but left unchecked this cocktail of work, environmental and lifestyle factors can lead to a chronic stress response.

### The importance of testing
A simple saliva test can measure your levels of cortisol and DHEA over the course of the day. Cortisol levels normally fluctuate throughout the day and night in a circadian rhythm that peaks at about 8am and declines in the evening – this helps us leap out of bed in the morning (or not), and wind down in the evening ready for sleep. Chronic stress messes up this cycle and the resulting hormone imbalance is evident in the results of this simple saliva test. 

If you feel you might be suffering from a chronic stress response, then perhaps it’s time to take back control of your health.

Find out more with our [Adrenal Fatigue Check](https://www.healthily.co.uk/tests/adrenal-fatigue-test "Adrenal Fatigue Check").


wonder_woman_coffer

Feeling burnt out? it could be adrenal fatigue

Feeling burnt out? It could be adrenal fatigue

### An introduction to Nutritional Medicine

Nutritional Medicine is the science of using foods, and nutrients, as medicine in order to prevent disease and promote optimal well-being. With a practitioner of Nutritional Medicine, your diet will be personalised to match your specific needs, taking into account your whole health picture, goals, history, cultural preferences and taste preferences. 

The aim of a Nutritional Medicine practitioner is to counsel you to work with your preferences, budget and any limitations you may have, to create a personalised diet specific to your unique requirements. A Nutritional Medicine practitioner is uniquely qualified to tailor personalised treatment programs to suit a range of health conditions.

### Meet Jennifer May (Adv.Dip. NutMed, ATMS)

Jennifer is a Nutritionist and Lifestyle Medicine practitioner with more than 6 years experience, and runs a very successful practice in Sydney CBD. In 2014, Jennifer and her partner developed an industry-first internship program for students and new graduates of Nutritional Medicine through which Jennifer has mentored more than 30 students of Nutrition, Naturopathy and Dietetics to date. 

Jennifer has worked with patients with a range of conditions from every day Weight Loss and Healthy Eating to the more complex Cancer and Chronic Fatigue. However, she has a particular passion for assisting patients with complicated cases, or those who require recovery from major illness or food intolerance. Jennifer's practice specialises in Food Intolerance and functional testing and is well known for her 12 Week Recovery Program. This step by step 12 week online program assists patients of Food Intolerance to restore their digestive function and balance the immune system with the aim to restore tolerance of foods and once again return to a varied diet. 

Prior to a consultation with Jennifer you will complete a detailed health questionnaire to establish your health history, daily food intake, personal preferences, and current health goals. Your consultation will begin with Jennifer clarifying any further questions or insights, before moving on to discuss the personalised approach which will work best for you and any further testing which would be beneficial in order to further tailor your personalised diet and lifestyle plan. 

A plan from Jennifer typically includes a list of your therapeutic foods, suggestions of healthy meals and snacks (with recipes where possible), lifestyle adjustments and supplement recommendations. Jennifer's patients describe her as "So much more than a Nutritionist, it's like having a life coach too".


### Nutrition and Cancer

Cancer is a complex condition which requires urgent medical treatment. However the road to recovery can be long, and treatments can make patients feel very unwell throughout. There are many scientifically proven dietary and supplemental interventions which can improve treatment outcomes, while also supporting the quality of life throughout treatment.

Jennifer will work with you, your oncologist, and your medical team, to design a diet and supplement regime that supports your well-being throughout your treatment while also enhancing the effects of the medical intervention. 

Book a Nutritional Medicine for Cancer consultation which will include the full assessment, a treatment protocol, and letters to your oncologist providing detailed recommendations, and scientific reasoning to support the confidence of your medical team in this natural approach.

### What is Nutritional Medicine?

Nutritional Medicine involves the development of individualised treatment plans providing diet and supplement adjustments to restore your optimum health and assists your recovery from conditions such as:

- __Metabolic health issues__ - such as stubborn weight gain, insulin resistance, heart disease
- __Digestive function__ – assessing stomach and intestinal health, bowel function, and gastrointestinal disorders
- __Immune health__ – including autoimmune conditions, allergies, and sensitivities
- __Hormonal balance__ – involving thyroid health, adrenal function, and reproductive health conditions such as endometriosis and PCOS
- __Nervous system disorders__ – such as migraines, memory, mental health, and sleep

### What is Lifestyle Medicine?

Lifestyle Medicine involves the development of individualised treatment plans providing comprehensive overview of your current diet and lifestyle. Your plan will include a recommended dietary overview, supplement recommendations, and step by step lifestyle adjustments to restore your optimum health, happiness and well-being. 

Lifestyle Medicine suits those who:

- Prefer general dietary guidelines, therapeutic foods, and recommended recipes, rather than a structured diet plan.
- Would like support making healthy lifestyle changes to promote optimum health, happiness and well-being in the long term. 
- Feel stressed, overwhelmed, and like your life is out of control. 

Jennifer will partner with you to create a step by step plan to achieve a healthier and more enjoyable lifestyle. 

### How does it work?

We offer consultations via telephone which include a comprehensive review of your health and medical history. Jennifer will review the results of your blood and saliva tests which are key inputs into compiling your health picture and developing your bespoke treatment plan.

Your treatment plan may include a variety of aspects such as dietary changes, supplementation, and lifestyle considerations. Jennifer will follow your progress closely to ensure the prescribed plan is appropriate, and support you in making necessary changes to restore your health and well being. Follow up consultations and repeat testing are available to help you continue to track your progress and tailor your nutritional plans.

### Want to know more?

For Nutrition or Lifestyle Medicine, You can purchase a 1 hour teleconsult with Jennifer for a fee of __£115__ - this includes an extensive health and medical history, and a custom diet and lifestyle plan to suit your unique requirements.

Jennifer can also provide bespoke cosultations for Nutrition and Lifestyle Medicine for Cancer - contact us for more information.

[Reach out](https://www.healthily.co.uk/app/contact) to the team for for more information, oe book an appointment [here](https://www.healthily.co.uk/teleconsults/).

healthy-fish-and-legumes-i-screen1

Nutritional medicine is the study of the relationship between food and a healthy body. It involves analysing how nutrients are processed, stored and discarded by your body, and explores how what you eat affects your overall well-being.

Optimising your health with nutritional medicine

young-woman-in-scarf-in-sunlight-i-screen

Winter has officially arrived, and for many Brits this also brings a case of the winter blues. 

SAD is the acronym for Seasonal Affective Disorder, a form of depression that usually begins in autumn, continuing through the winter months, and believed to affect up to 10% of the population. Symptoms include feeling sad or anxious, fatigue, concentration problems, irritability and feelings of guilt and hopelessness.

### The role of sunlight

Although the exact cause of SAD isn't clear, a number of studies suggest it may be triggered by lack of sunlight. 

One hypothesis is that reduced sunlight exposure interferes with the body's biological clock that regulates mood, sleep and hormones. Another theory is that lack of sunlight causes an imbalance of neurotransmitters such as dopamine and serotonin which regulate mood.

### Link between vitamin D and depression

It is well known that vitamin D levels in the body fluctuate with the changing seasons in response to the amount of sunlight. Vitamin D plays part in the synthesis of both dopamine and serotonin, and it is logical that there is a relationship between vitamin D and symptoms of depression.

You may be at a greater risk of vitamin D deficiency if you stay mostly indoors for health, work or other reasons, have naturally dark skin, or avoid the sun for skin protection or due to medical reasons. Where you live is also a factor, and our Tasmanian Medical Laboratory reports that 60% of Tasmanians presenting for the first time for vitamin D testing at the end of winter show deficiency, and on average in any season of the year 44% of Tasmanians are vitamin D deficient.

### Combatting SAD

So if you feel you've got a case of the 'sads', then you might want to consider:

- increasing your exposure to sunlight (NB following safe sun guidelines)
- increasing dietary calcium
- increasing physical activity
- taking a vitamin D supplement

If you're worried you may have a vitamin D deficiency, then finding out is easy with a simple blood test - see our [Vitamin D Check](https://www.healthily.co.uk/tests/vitamin-d-test) for more details.

Winter has officially arrived, and for many Brits this also brings a case of the winter blues. 

Cracking the SADs

man-and-woman-walking-in-park-banner-i-screen

### What are hormones?

Hormones are chemical messengers in the body that are created in the endocrine glands. These messengers control most major bodily functions from basic needs like hunger to complex systems like reproduction and emotions.

The body produces many different hormones, but certain types have a bigger role to play in the body's health and well-being. Understanding these roles is important if you’re seeking to proactively manage your health.

### A hormone imbalance can cause chronic health issues

When your hormones are in proper balance they help the body thrive, but small problems with hormones can cause serious and life-altering symptoms. Specifically, imbalances of sex hormones, thyroid hormones and adrenal hormones are common problems that can contribute to a host of chronic health issues. Unfortunately, conventional medicine often doesn’t understand the significant role hormone imbalances play in many health complaints.

### How do I know if I have a hormone imbalance?

The following list of common complaints can often be helped or eliminated by improving hormone health. The challenge is often finding out the starting place of your hormone imbalance to ensure you are treating the root of the problem rather than just the symptoms. And that’s where hormone testing comes in.

- Fatigue
- Sleeping problems
- Weight loss difficulties
- Depression and anxiety
- Mood swings and emotional problems
- Dry skin and rashes
- Hair loss
- Allergies
- Body and joint pain
- Chronic headaches
- Infertility
- Menstrual irregularities
- Poor immune function

When assessing a hormone imbalance, it’s important to evaluate the endocrine system as a whole. This is because the endocrine system is complex and hormones and their actions are intricately linked – this means that hormone imbalances originating from different areas can cause the same symptom.

### How do I know which hormones are out of balance?

If you have a sneaking suspicion you have a hormone balance, the chart below may help you understand where the issue is originating from.

![common-signs-of-a-hormone-imbalance](//images.contentful.com/vd2mbykddgpu/7Ib7K6uYfuaQ2EGu6MeYuo/6f070619777ff753f67952abefe31546/common-signs-of-a-hormone-imbalance.jpg)

### How can I find out if I have a hormone imbalance?

The only way to confirm a hormone imbalance is to test your hormone levels. Both blood tests and saliva tests are proven techniques in assessing a hormone imbalance. healthily uses blood tests to accurately determine sex hormone and thyroid hormone levels, but prefers saliva testing to assess cortisol levels. This is because cortisol levels follow a diurnal pattern which means tests must be conducted throughout the course of the day – this makes blood testing inconvenient.

### Which test should I choose?

healthily offers a number of hormone tests, and it can be confusing to decide which test is right for you.

- If you believe you have a __sex hormone imbalance__, then healthily’s [Female Hormone Check](https://www.healthily.co.uk/tests/progesterone-test) can verify this
- If you think your __thyroid__ may be to blame, then a [Thyroid Check](https://www.healthily.co.uk/tests/thyroid-test) or [Advanced Thyroid Check](https://www.healthily.co.uk/tests/thyroid-antibodies-test) is a good place to start
- Or if __cortisol__ could be the problem, then healthily’s [Adrenal Stress Check](https://www.healthily.co.uk/tests/adrenal-fatigue-test) can provide further insight

If your blood tests or saliva tests do reveal that you have a hormone imbalance, then our team of qualified doctors can recommend how you can take steps to improve your health and wellbeing.

If you need further guidance on which test is right for you, then [contact us](https://healthily.co.uk/app/contact) and one of our medical professionals will be in touch to work through your symptoms.

### Further information

Check out some of our other blogs for further information about thyroid health and adrenal function:

- [8 reasons to get your thyroid checked](https://www.healthily.co.uk/blog/hypothyroidism-test)
- [Common signs you have adrenal fatigue](https://www.healthily.co.uk/blog/adrenal-fatigue-burn-out)


man-and-woman-walking-in-park-small-i-screen

When your hormones are in proper balance they help the body thrive, but small problems with hormones can cause serious and life-altering symptoms.

Recognising the signs of hormone imbalance

dumbells-banner-i-screen

Androgenic-anabolic steroids (AAS) have been used to enhance athletic performance since the 1940s, but some of the health risks of steroid abuse have only recently come to light. Anabolic steroids have widespread effects on the body and its internal systems, so it’s not surprising that aside from their potential effect on muscle growth, they can harm other cells and organs. That's why regular health screening and blood testing is so important.

### How do anabolic steroids work?

Anabolic steroids are synthetic derivatives of the hormone testosterone which amongst other things is responsible for muscle development - “the anabolic effect”, and the development of male sexual characteristics - “the androgenic effect”.

Anabolic steroids work in several different ways in the body:

1. When we lift heavy weights we create tiny micro-tears in muscle fibres. Testosterone stimulates the creation of new and bigger muscle fibres in reaction to this. Anabolic steroids tend to cause an exaggerated version of this reaction due to the high doses people use.
2. Anabolic steroids stimulate production of growth hormone (GH) which in turn stimulates the production of IGF-1. IGF-1 has growth-promoting effects on almost every cell in the body especially skeletal muscle, cartilage and bone.
3. Intense exercise releases cortisol known as the stress hormone, which breaks down muscle tissue. Anabolic steroids inhibit this breakdown resulting in an overall anabolic effect.
4. There is evidence that anabolic steroids may increase oxygen uptake and increase cardiac output.
5. Anabolic steroids may also improve athletic performance by increasing aggressive behaviour.

### Unintended physical consequences

A common misconception is that because anabolic steroids are a man-made derivative of a hormone occurring naturally in the body they should be safe to supplement with. The human body controls the blood and tissue levels of testosterone within a small range as too high or low a concentration can be harmful. However the typical doses taken as supplements by athletes are significantly higher than the amount that naturally circulates in our system. Use of anabolic steroids can therefore lead to multiple harmful physical side effects with shrunken testicles and male breast growth probably the most well known. An excess of androgens resulting from steroid use can also lead to male-pattern baldness, severe treatment resistant acne as well as altered libido.

Chronic steroid use causes the body to stop its own internal production of testosterone in an effort to maintain a constant level. This can lead to shrunken testicles that can no longer produce testosterone themselves. In addition, testosterone is converted to oestrogens which are important for modulating libido, erectile function and sperm generation. However an excess of testosterone can raise oestrogen to abnormal levels resulting in gynecomastia or the enlargement of male breasts. These effects can be permanent.

### What lies beneath

In addition to the more noticeable effects associated with steroid use, there are other potential consequences that may not be so obvious but can pose a serious health risk. While blood testing can help pick up some of the abnormalities associated with excessive anabolic steroid use it is important to be aware that many of the harmful effects may not cause abnormalities in the blood until it is too late. It is also important to be aware that many of the treatments for the conditions described below are less likely to work with continued steroid use.

Here we describe 7 ways that anabolic steroids can damage your health without you even realising it:

#### 1. Cardiovascular disease

There have been many studies on the impacts of anabolic steroids on the cardiovascular system in athletes and bodybuilders. Steroids have been shown to increase levels of LDL (bad cholesterol) and decrease levels of HDL (good cholesterol) - this increases the risk of atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries) and heart disease such as angina, heart attacks and sudden cardiac death. Similarly steroid use is also associated with elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) levels – CRP is an marker of inflammation within the body and there is evidence that constant high levels may predispose people to cardiovascular disease.

Chronic steroid use can affect heart muscle causing a condition known as left ventricular hypertrophy which is an enlargement and thickening of the walls of the heart's main pumping chamber. The enlarged heart muscle loses elasticity and eventually may fail to pump with as much force as needed. This is known as heart failure and is a common cause of disability and death in the elderly.

High blood pressure has been reported in some cases of anabolic steroid use which further increases the risk of cardiovascular disease.

#### 2. Liver toxicity

Most metabolism of anabolic steroids occurs in the liver which is therefore prone to damage. Whilst athletes with pre-existing liver conditions are most at risk the damage can occur in anyone. The two markers of liver stress most commonly elevated in users of anabolic steroids are the enzymes ALT and AST. These enzymes are necessary for amino acid metabolism in the liver and will leak into the bloodstream as the liver becomes inflamed or damaged. ALP and GGT are also important markers of liver health during steroid use, and elevated levels can indicate liver toxicity. It is important to be aware that significant liver damage can be occurring even with normal liver function tests and that often the blood levels of these liver markers only start rising when the damage is severe enough.

#### 3. Kidney injury

One of the kidneys many crucial functions is acting as a filter for the blood, removing excess waste products in the body. Bodybuilders frequently use dietary supplements including protein, creatine and vitamins to build strength and muscle bulk. High-protein intake is a concern as it increases the demand on the kidneys to filter off the excess products of protein metabolism. Often this is not a huge problem on its own, but when high-protein intake is combined with anabolic steroid use, this compounds the load on the kidneys and can lead to scarring and possibly kidney failure. 

#### 4. Infertility

Chronic anabolic steroid use causes a decrease in luteinising hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) which are needed for sperm generation. This can cause a decrease in sperm count and mobility. Decreases in LH and FSH can be seen within 24 hours of beginning anabolic steroid use, and infertility may result within months. Usually infertility is reversible typically within 1 year of stopping steroid use, but it can take longer particularly in long-term users.

Men may also experience priapism, impotence, difficulty or pain with urination, and a possible increased risk for prostate cancer, which is why a regular prostate check is important.

#### 5. Impaired glucose tolerance

Studies have shown that anabolic steroid use affects the body’s ability to handle sugar and can lead to type 2 diabetes. This can have a devastating health impact and further increase the risk of kidney damage, heart disease, strokes and blindness amongst other things. Testing of fasting blood sugar can help pick this up early before these complications start to arise. 

#### 6. Blood disorders

Anabolic steroid use increases stimulates the production of red blood cells and also increases the levels of haemoglobin (the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen) and haematocrit (the percentage of red blood cells in the blood). This can result in a condition known as testosterone–induced polycythaemia or “sludging”. This causes the blood to become thicker which can in some people trigger life threatening blood clots to form in the bloodstream. 

#### 7. Thyroid dysfunction

Studies have shown negative effects of anabolic steroids on thyroid function. The thyroid is responsible for a huge number of important metabolic processes, and a thyroid hormone imbalance can cause a wide range of health issues (refer to our blog on thyroid function for more information). An annual thyroid check is important to keep track of thyroid function. Find out more with our [Thyroid Check](https://www.healthily.co.uk/tests/thyroid-test).

### The importance of blood work

The use of anabolic steroids can lead to a number of negative health consequences most notably with cardiovascular and liver health. By the time physical symptoms of these develop, permanent harm may already have been done. The safest medical advice that any health professional would give you is to stop using these due to their risks. However, if you chose to continue taking these supplements it is important to be vigilant for any signs you may be harming your health. As discussed in this blog some of these effects can be identified in blood work before physical symptoms become apparent. These are the blood tests we recommend:

- __Cholesterol status__ - there are many factors which contribute to your cardiovascular health. Your cholesterol (both high density and low density lipoproteins) and triglyceride levels are one risk factor we can assess by blood testing.
- __Inflammation__ – the biomarkers c-reactive protein and creatine kinase provide insight into cardiovascular disease and muscle damage.
- __Liver function test__ - your liver processes drugs and filters toxic chemicals. Liver damage is often evident from the assessment of liver enzymes and other key markers of liver function.
- __Kidney function test__ - your kidneys filter waste from your body. Extreme athletes are more at risk of kidney failure due to high protein intake, excessive muscle breakdown from intense exercise as well as anabolic steroid use. Measuring key waste products as well as electrolytes, minerals and glucose provides good insight into kidney function.
- __Full blood count__ – measuring steroid-induced increases in red blood cell count, haematocrit, and haemoglobin concentrations are important in determining the risk of heart attack or stroke.
- __Hormone profile__ – supplementing with anabolic steroids can cause changes in hormone profile over time. Key hormones to measure include the androgens testosterone and free testosterone, as well as FSH, LH and oestradiol.

It is important to understand what your own 'normal' levels are for your blood biomarkers, and to track changes to these over time. Monitoring changes in your health data typically provides greater insight than a single isolated result, and will allow you to track any improvements or declines in performance.

If you want to reduce your health risks, then don’t take anabolic steroids. But if you are supplementing then understand more about how blood testing and health screening can help manage your risk.

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Androgenic-anabolic steroids (AAS) have been used to enhance athletic performance since the 1940s, but some of the negative consequences of steroid abuse have only recently come to light.

7 ways anabolic steroids affect your health

Adrenal Fatigue (also know as Adrenal Stress and Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) Axis Dysfunction) is a stress-related condition that occurs when your adrenal glands, hypothalamus, and pituitary gland are functioning below their optimal level. It is typically the result of chronic physical or emotional stress. Adrenal Fatigue results in symptoms like a weakened immune system, low energy levels, an inability to handle stressful situations, and cravings for salty or sugary foods. Common symptoms are all too familiar and can include:

- Difficulty getting up in the morning
- Inability to handle stress
- Regular and unexplained fatigue
- Cravings for salty foods
- Mild depression
- Insomnia
- Overuse of stimulants like caffeine
- A weak immune system

Stress is part of everyday life and how you respond to it has a significant effect on your health. The most common daily stressors often go unrecognised and include things like lack of sleep, work overload, financial stress, poor diet, too much caffeine and alcohol and not enough exercise. Here are some tips to help you control your adrenal stress hormones.

### 1. Improve your diet

- Eat within an hour of waking. This helps to maintain proper blood sugar after an evening fast and prevents excess cortisol production.
- Eat a quality source of protein at each meal. Meals should be balanced with protein, veggies, healthy fats and minimal starchy carbohydrates:
1. Protein Sources – chicken, fish, turkey, meats, eggs, protein powder
2. Veggies – green leafy vegetables, cruciferous, anything with lots of colour
3. Healthy Fats – olive oil, coconut oil, raw nuts and seeds, nut butters
4. Carbohydrates – gluten free grains such as buckwheat, quinoa or rice and white potatoes.
- Avoid excessive starchy carbohydrates and sugars. When you eat something sweet or very starchy it causes your blood sugar to spike and then plummet. Your adrenal glands must then release stress hormone to raise it. When blood sugar swings up and down repeatedly it may fatigue the adrenals. Once people have adrenal fatigue they often suffer from low blood sugar, or reactive hypoglycaemia, as well. Aim for a lower glycemic whole foods diet that does not spike your blood sugar, as well as healthy fats, protein, and plenty of fibre.
- Eating foods that trigger an immune reaction can tax adrenal function. One of the more common food intolerances is gluten, a protein found in wheat, rye, barley, and oats. Dairy, eggs, soy, corn, and yeast are other foods that can cause inflammation and fatigue the adrenal glands.
- Include high quality sources of fat with each meal such as olive oil, coconut oil, avocados and raw nuts and seeds. This adds to the satiety value of the meal and removes the desire to eat too many starches.
- Meals should be smaller but more frequent throughout the day.  Three main meals and 2-3 small, balanced snacks will keep blood sugar stable and decrease the desire for sweets or caffeine.
- Use smaller plates or bowls for meals. This can prevent overeating by filling up a large plate with food. Most people do not realise they are actually full if there is still food on their plate so start small and wait 10 minutes before deciding on seconds. Chances are, you will realise that you are already full and satisfied.
- Eat a balanced snack within one hour of bedtime to support blood sugar through the night. Waking in the night may be due to low blood sugar. When blood sugar drops, cortisol rises and can cause wakefulness. A good evening snack is half a cup of plain yogurt, berries and raw nuts. This provides protein, some carbs and a healthy source of fat.
- Keep fruit to a minimum and choose low sugar fruits such as berries, pears, apples.  Pears go great with walnuts and apples go well with almond butter. Including some fat with fruit decreases the effect of the sugar in the fruit by slowing digestion and absorption.
- Alcohol should be consumed in moderation and with a meal. One glass of wine or one beer 1-2 times per week should be the limit.

### 2. Integrate exercise into your daily routine

1. Exercise is best done in the morning to increase metabolic rate throughout the day and to improve the chances of adhering to a program. It is better to get up 30 minutes earlier and get exercise done before the events of the day compete for your time.
2. The level of adrenal fatigue will determine which type of exercise is best. Those with mild adrenal fatigue can do more intense exercise such as interval training, weights, running, etc.  Those with symptoms of more advanced adrenal fatigue may only be able to tolerate mild exercise such as walking, stretching, beginning yoga and gentle movement exercises.
3. Duration of exercise should be 30-60 minutes. If experiencing adrenal fatigue or burnout, endurance exercise is not recommended. Extensive training programs involving intense running, cycling or fitness competition training is not advised.
4. Find a type of exercise that you enjoy so you will stick with it. Try to spend some time outside exercising whenever possible. Not only are you more likely to exercise by being in the great outdoors but the exposure to the natural sun can help promote health levels of Vitamin D. However, it is important to also balance this with the risk of skin cancer and that not appropriately covering up and not wearing sun protection can increase this risk. Even while wearing high factor sunscreen, the ultraviolet radiation will still reach the skin as the sunscreen doesn't fully block out the sun's rays.
5. Exercise increases happy hormones and neurotransmitters that make us feel good naturally so get up and get moving daily.

### 3. Get better sleep

- Sleep in comfortable clothing or naked if night clothes tend to become uncomfortable.
- Make sure your room is cool with some source of circulating air, i.e. fan, open window (if not too noisy outside). Some researchers feel that the perfect temperature for sleeping is around 20 degrees celsius.
- Darken room if ambient light is an issue, i.e. street lights, full moon. You can purchase some dark shades or curtains. Having a dark room is necessary to optimise melatonin output.
- Go to sleep before 10 pm and if tired go to bed earlier.
- Go to bed and awaken at the same time each day, even on weekends. This helps to reinforce the sleep-wake cycle.
- Have a bedtime routine that involves a relaxing activity that signals to your body that you are getting ready for sleep:
1. Shower
2. Bath
3. Reading a book
4. Listening to relaxing music
- Do not consume caffeinated (i.e. coffee, tea, ice tea) beverages in the evening. Best to reduce caffeine altogether, and ideally avoid after 2 to 3 pm in the afternoon.
- Herbal teas such as Chamomile and other sleep-promoting teas are okay in the evening.
- Turn off computers, TV, video games other visually oriented electronics before 8 pm at night. If at all possible, do not engage in work that is mentally trying or stressful after 8 pm.  This will allow for a more peaceful transition to bedtime. If you enjoy watching TV in the evening, avoid disturbing images or emotionally charged programs.
- No strenuous exercise, i.e. cardio, weights, power yoga in the evening after dinner.
- Remove night lights and other electronics from room. If must have, then keep cellphone or ipad/tablet at least 10 feet from bed to help reduce electromagnetic field (EMF) emissions.
- If you cannot fall asleep, then get up and do something else such as meditating and/or deep breathing exercises. Mentally recite a prayer or mantra if worried about something and your mind cannot relax. Keep a notepad next to your bed to write down thoughts about things you may need to do the next day. This allows you to release it from your mind without worrying that you will forget it tomorrow.
- Keep in mind that the stressors of the day can often seem amplified at night while we are lying in the dark perseverating on the day’s events. Let them go – nothing will be resolved in the night and will only make tomorrow more difficult for the lack of sleep.  Things often seem clearer and less stressful in the morning after a good night’s sleep anyway.

### 4. Reduce your stress levels

- It is important to take time to play and do the things in life that bring us joy. This is one of the best and most rewarding ways of reducing stress. Make a list of the things you like to do that bring joy into your life. Some things may take ten minutes like walking the dog or some things may take all day like going for a hike. Some of these experiences may occur over a weekend or require a week-long vacation.  Choose to incorporate these joyful experiences throughout the day, week, month and year. Having something to look forward to, relieves the stress of the daily grind that can be so much a part of our lives.
- We all must balance work with recovery. Taking the opportunity to get adequate sleep is one of the most important things we can do for ourselves.
- Whenever possible get out into the great outdoors in somewhere with natural scenery and pure air quality. Not only are you more likely to feel better and your mood improves in a beautiful, natural environment, but it will be healthier too with less pollutants and exposure to the natural sun for healthy Vitamin D promotion. Remember, adequate protection from the sun still applies and common sense measures to reduce risk of skin cancer.
- An afternoon nap or resting quietly is certainly acceptable if possible. Sometimes just sitting quietly away from the TV or computer can help relieve stress.

### 5. Measure your adrenal hormones

Consider an [Adrenal Fatigue Check](https://www.healthily.co.uk/tests/adrenal-fatigue-test) - a non-invasive saliva test that serves as a reliable marker of stress response and a critical tool for revealing adrenal imbalances. This test measures:

__Cortisol diurnal rhythm__ - cortisol levels naturally fluctuate throughout the day and so 4 samples need to be collected to show your body's cortisol rhythm. The first sample should be taken 30 minutes after waking which represents the peak of your morning cortisol production. The remaining 3 samples are taken at noon, late afternoon and night time.

__DHEA-S__ - DHEA is another of the body's long-acting stress hormones made by the adrenal glands, and measuring both cortisol and DHEA-S provides an assessment of how well you manage and internalise stress. These hormones must be in proper balance with each other for optimal health, and an imbalance can be caused by prolonged stress.

There is much more to treating Adrenal Fatigue than simply reducing stress or managing it better. If you have been under chronic stress for a long period of time, the depletion of key neurotransmitters and hormones has probably had a serious impact on your health, whether you realise it or not. These changes simply cannot be reversed overnight.

A comprehensive treatment plan for Adrenal Fatigue involves dietary changes, lifestyle changes, appropriate supplementation, and possibly even hormone replacement for more severe cases. But remember, the first step to solving your Adrenal Fatigue is recognising that you have it - hence the importance of appropriate measurement of your adrenal health.

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Stress is part of everyday life and how you respond to it has a significant effect on your health.

5 ways to restore your adrenal health

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### Thyroid issues affect 1 in 7 individuals

A surprising 1 in 7 individuals are affected by some form of thyroid disorder, and as many as half may not even realise it. Women are also 10 times more likely than men to experience thyroid issues.

### The thyroid regulates vital body functions

The thyroid gland is a small butterfly-shaped gland in the front of the neck which uses iodine to produce hormones which control your metabolism. These hormones regulate vital body functions and how fast or slow your brain, heart, muscles, liver, and other parts of your body work. Every cell in the body depends on thyroid hormones to convert oxygen and calories into energy.

### If you have a thyroid issue, you probably won't feel great

Your thyroid function is intricately connected with every system in your body, so if your thyroid isn’t working properly you most likely won’t feel great. Most people aren’t born with a thyroid disorder, it’s something that typically presents later in life. In fact if you're a woman over 35 your odds of a thyroid disorder increase significantly.

What causes your thyroid to go awry isn’t clear - it could be a result of genetics, autoimmune disease, pregnancy, stress, nutritional deficiencies, or toxins in the environment.  Symptoms of a thyroid disorder are many and varied due to the extensive reach of thyroid hormones across the body.

### Symptoms of a thyroid disorder are many and varied

Most thyroid imbalances are a result of an under-active or hypothyroid, but some are related to an over-active or hyperthyroid, and the symptoms can be all too familiar.

1. Your feel tired all the time
You can feel tired for a number of reasons, but if you’re constantly dragging despite getting 8 hrs of sleep and can't get through your day without coffee, this could be a sign of a hypothyroid.

2. That unexplained weight gain
The thyroid controls your metabolism so it's not surprising it can affect your weight. People with an over-active or hyperthyroid often have higher metabolic rates meaning they may be burning calories faster and lose weight. Conversely people with an under-active thyroid typically experience weight gain despite exercising and not eating more.

3. Unpredictable bowels
Your thyroid gland controls your bowel function, so not surprisingly an under-active thyroid condition can leave you feeling bloated and constipated, or a hyperthyroid can leave you with the opposite issue.

4. Dry skin and thinning hair
Hypothyroidism can leave your skin dry and scaly and your nails brittle and with ridges. Dry, brittle hair that breaks or falls out can also be a sign of an under-active thyroid, as too little thyroid hormone disrupts your hair growth cycle and can also cause excessive hair loss.

5. Mood swings, depression or anxiety
If you feel depressed or anxious, your thyroid should be one of the first areas to investigate. A hypothyroid is typically associated with depression, while a hyperthyroid is more commonly associated with anxiety or panic attacks.

6. Menstrual and fertility issues
Our hormones are intricately connected, and a thyroid imbalance frequently throws other hormones out of rhythm. An under-active thyroid is often the cause of heavier, more frequent and more painful periods, while shorter, lighter or infrequent menstruation can be associated with hyperthyroidism. Infertility is also commonly associated with undiagnosed thyroid conditions, and both an over or under-active thyroid can interfere with ovulation.

7. Cold hands and feet
If you feel cold when others don’t, this could be a sign of hypothyroidism. Conversely an over-active thyroid can leave you feeling overheated and sweaty.

8. The fuzzies
A thyroid imbalance can affect your concentration and leave you struggling to recall events. Too much thyroid hormone can cause difficulty concentrating and too little may cause forgetfulness and general brain fog.

### Thyroid disorders are often misdiagnosed

Brits may not be so proactive in recognising and treating thyroid disorders as compared with other parts of the developed world – in part because private blood testing and the ability to take control of your health data is a relatively new thing in this country. Sadly thyroid issues often go under the radar and are confused with other hormonal disorders such as menopause, psychological disorders like depression, or are even explained away by a stressful lifestyle or getting older.

### Find out it you have a thyroid issue

The truth is if you feel that something’s wrong, but you can’t put finger on what, it could be a thyroid issue. The good news is that a thyroid imbalance can be relatively straightforward to correct, the challenge until now has been finding out that you have one. Find out more [here](https://www.healthily.co.uk/tests/thyroid-test).

hiker-looking-at-lake-small-i-screen

Thyroid conditions affect 1 in 7 individuals, and half don't even realise it. If you feel that something’s wrong, but you can’t put finger on what, it could be a thyroid issue.